近年來(lái),，許多國(guó)家都頒布了公共場(chǎng)所禁煙令，但有反對(duì)聲音認(rèn)為這樣不過(guò)是把吸煙者逼回家里吸煙而已,。近日,，歐洲一項(xiàng)最新研究則顯示，公共場(chǎng)所禁煙也會(huì)帶動(dòng)家庭中的主動(dòng)禁煙。相關(guān)論文發(fā)表在最新一期的英國(guó)《煙草控制》（Tobacco Control）雜志上,。
研究報(bào)告稱,，歐洲多國(guó)研究人員在2003年至2004年、2008年至2009年對(duì)數(shù)千名吸煙者進(jìn)行了兩次調(diào)查,。在這兩次調(diào)查之間,，多個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家頒布了公共場(chǎng)所禁煙令。結(jié)果顯示,，公共場(chǎng)所禁煙后,，吸煙者在家中也主動(dòng)禁煙的比例明顯上升。具體來(lái)說(shuō),，這一比例在愛爾蘭上升了25%,，在法國(guó)上升了17%，在德國(guó)上升了38%,，在荷蘭上升了28%,。
研究人員還分析了英國(guó)頒布公共場(chǎng)所禁煙令前對(duì)1000多名吸煙者的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，結(jié)果顯示在沒有公共場(chǎng)所禁煙令的情形下,，吸煙者在家庭中禁煙的比例也會(huì)上升,，但上升幅度沒有上述國(guó)家那么大。研究人員認(rèn)為,，這些結(jié)果有力地證明,，在公共場(chǎng)所禁煙，可以促使吸煙者在家里也主動(dòng)禁煙,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050131
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Impact of national smoke-free legislation on home smoking bans: findings from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project Europe Surveys
Mons, Ute; Nagelhout, Gera E; Allwright, Shane; Guignard, Romain; van den Putte, Bas; Willemsen, Marc C; Fong, Geoffrey T; Brenner, Hermann; Ptschke-Langer, Martina; Breitling, Lutz P
Objectives To measure changes in prevalence and predictors of home smoking bans (HSBs) among smokers in four European countries afterthe implementation of national smoke-free legislation.Design Two waves of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project Europe Surveys, which is a prospective panel study.Pre- and post-legislation data were used from Ireland, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Two pre-legislation waves fromthe UK were used as control.Participants 4634 respondents from the intervention countries and 1080 from the control country completed both baseline and follow-upand were included in the present analyses.Methods Multiple logistic regression models to identify predictors of having or of adopting a total HSB, and Generalised EstimatingEquation models to compare patterns of change after implementation of smoke-free legislation to a control country withoutsuch legislation.Results Most smokers had at least partial smoking restrictions in their home, but the proportions varied significantly between countries.After implementation of national smoke-free legislation, the proportion of smokers with a total HSB increased significantlyin all four countries. Among continuing smokers, the number of cigarettes smoked per day either remained stable or decreasedsignificantly. Multiple logistic regression models indicated that having a young child in the household and supporting smokingbans in bars were important correlates of having a pre-legislation HSB. Prospective predictors of imposing a HSB between surveywaves were planning to quit smoking, supporting a total smoking ban in bars and the birth of a child. Generalised EstimatingEquation models indicated that the change in total HSB in the intervention countries was greater than that in the controlcountry.Conclusions The findings suggest that smoke-free legislation does not lead to more smoking in smokers' homes. On the contrary, our findingsdemonstrate that smoke-free legislation may stimulate smokers to establish total smoking bans in their homes.Impact of smoke-free legislationhome smoking restrictionssecond-hand smokeprospective studypreventionpublic policysocioeconomic statussurveillance and monitoringcessationsmoking-caused diseaseprevalenceenvironmental tobacco smokeadvocacypublic opinionpackaging and labellingsocial psychologyresearch methodspsychosocial theories.
