Purdue University plant geneticist Scott Jackson is leading a $4.5 million soybean genome research project for the National Science Foundation.http://www.soymap.org/
The four-year project launches the process to sequence the soybean genome, which eventually will provide new ways to improve crops, said Jackson, an agronomy professor.
Soybeans are a more than $15.1 billion business in the United States, with more than 2.74 billion bushels grown annually.
Considering how important the soybean is economically and agriculturally, relatively little had been done to learn about its genetic makeup compared with the study of maize and rice, Jackson said.
Scientists will locate the genes on the soybean chromosomes and create a physical map. Integrating that map with the parts of the genetic map already available eventually will allow sequencing of the entire soybean genome, he said.
When the whole genome is sequenced, researchers will be able to pick plants based on their genetic makeup for resistance to such things as drought, sudden death syndrome, soybean rust and other factors that negatively impact soybean production.
They also hope to discover how soybeans, unlike corn and rice, do such things as put nitrogen back into the soil to improve it.