1月5日,，國際著名雜志PloS One在線刊登了國外研究人員的最新研究成果“Ellagic Acid Derivatives from Rubus ulmifolius Inhibit Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation and Improve Response to Antibiotics,，”文章中，作者揭示了一種鞣花酸對金黃色葡萄球菌生物膜的生成有明顯的抑制作用,。
眾所周知,，金黃色葡萄球菌是一種耐藥性極強的致病菌，近日有證據(jù)顯示,，耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌可以引起社區(qū)獲得性感染,，金黃色葡萄球菌腸炎是金黃色葡萄球菌引起的，多因原發(fā)疾病長期用抗生素引起腸道菌群失調(diào)所致,，抗生素敏感菌株受到抑制,，耐藥的金黃色葡萄球菌株趁機繁殖。金黃色葡萄球菌為侵襲性細(xì)菌,，能產(chǎn)生毒素,，對腸道破壞性大，所以金黃色葡萄球菌腸炎起病急,，中毒癥狀嚴(yán)重,，主要表現(xiàn)為嘔吐、發(fā)熱,、腹瀉,。
對于金黃色葡萄球菌的耐藥性，目前并沒有有效的抗菌藥物來治療該菌感染引起的疾病,，金葡菌產(chǎn)生耐藥性有一部分原因是因為生物被膜的聚集和難以清除,，生物被膜主要會導(dǎo)致慢性感染，因為生物被膜的感染所導(dǎo)致的疾病主要包括乳腺炎,、中耳炎,、心內(nèi)膜炎以及骨髓炎等，據(jù)統(tǒng)計,，在美國每年增加1700萬因為生物被膜感染的病人,，并且伴隨55萬人的死亡，目前這種在這種緊迫的情況下,，我們急需開發(fā)出一種新的抗菌藥物來抵抗生物被膜的感染,，在臨床上減輕病人的痛苦以及經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。
文章中,，作者M(jìn)ark S. Smeltzer表示,，他們通過實驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了鞣花酸及衍生物中的植物天然混合產(chǎn)物（220D-F2）可以在一定程度上抑制金黃色葡萄球菌的生物被膜的形成，于此同時,，也增加了金葡菌對抗生素的敏感性,，這種鞣花酸來自一種薔薇科植物---榆葉黑莓,，過去，榆葉黑莓被意大利南部人用來治療皮膚或者軟組織感染等疾病,。
作者的研究數(shù)據(jù)表明,，在一定濃度的220D-F2下，金黃色葡萄球菌的生物被膜的產(chǎn)量不僅明顯下降了,，而且也增加了該菌對不同類別抗生素（包括達(dá)托霉素,、克林霉素、苯唑西林等）的敏感性,，通過進(jìn)行腎臟細(xì)胞和肝細(xì)胞實驗,，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，在220D-F2的作用下,， 金葡菌的細(xì)胞毒性也明顯下降了,。研究人員研究中的這種鞣花酸有可能成為下一個抵抗金黃色葡萄球菌的新的抗菌藥物，這篇文章的研究為臨床上提供了很多指導(dǎo)意義,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
（T.Shen編譯 如有問題請及時指正）
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028737
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Ellagic Acid Derivatives from Rubus ulmifolius Inhibit Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation and Improve Response to Antibiotics
Cassandra L. Quave1, Miriam Estévez-Carmona2,4, Cesar M. Compadre2, Gerren Hobby1, Howard Hendrickson2, Karen E. Beenken1, Mark S. Smeltzer1,3*
Background Biofilms contribute to the pathogenesis of many forms of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Treatment of these infections is complicated by intrinsic resistance to conventional antibiotics, thus creating an urgent need for strategies that can be used for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-associated infections. Methodology/Principal Findings This study demonstrates that a botanical natural product composition (220D-F2) rich in ellagic acid and its derivatives can limit S. aureus biofilm formation to a degree that can be correlated with increased antibiotic susceptibility. The source of this composition is Rubus ulmifolius Schott. (Rosaceae), a plant used in complementary and alternative medicine in southern Italy for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. All S. aureus clonal lineages tested exhibited a reduced capacity to form a biofilm at 220D-F2 concentrations ranging from 50–200 µg/mL, which were well below the concentrations required to limit bacterial growth (530–1040 µg/mL). This limitation was therapeutically relevant in that inclusion of 220D-F2 resulted in enhanced susceptibility to the functionally-distinct antibiotics daptomycin, clindamycin and oxacillin. Testing with kidney and liver cell lines also demonstrated a lack of host cell cytotoxicity at concentrations of 220D-F2 required to achieve these effects. Conclusions/Significance These results demonstrate that extract 220D-F2 from the root of Rubus ulmifolius can be used to inhibit S. aureus biofilm formation to a degree that can be correlated with increased antibiotic susceptibility without toxic effects on normal mammalian cells. Hence, 220D-F2 is a strong candidate for development as a botanical drug for use in the prevention and treatment of S. aureus biofilm-associated infections.
