2012年12月4日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --科學家利用猴子骨髓干細胞誘導出了多巴胺能神經(jīng)元,。
帕金森氏?。≒arkinson's disease）是一種中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)退行性疾病,，其特征是震顫,、強直,、運動緩慢,、行走困難,。該病是由于多巴胺能神經(jīng)元（dopaminergic neurons）的丟失所致,。多巴胺神經(jīng)元可產(chǎn)生神經(jīng)遞質多巴胺（dopamine）。帕金森氏癥研究的主要目標之一是,，開發(fā)一種多巴胺能神經(jīng)元替代物,。
在一項新的研究中，日本神戶分子影像科學RIKEN中心研究員Takuya Hayashi博士領導的團隊,，利用猴子的骨髓干細胞誘導出了多巴胺能神經(jīng)元,。這些干細胞從一個標準的骨髓穿刺中獲得,，然后利用一種生長因子處理，定向誘導為多巴胺能神經(jīng)元,。
干細胞供體猴子用一種化學物質誘導出帕金森氏病,，隨后移植來源于其自身骨髓干細胞的新多巴胺能神經(jīng)元。移植后,，猴子機能缺陷表現(xiàn)出顯著的改善,。
該項研究證明，來源于成體骨髓干細胞的多巴胺能神經(jīng)元可被安全地用于帕金森氏癥猴子運動機能的改善,。研究成果已發(fā)表于Journal of Clinical Investigation雜志,。（生物谷bioon.com）
編譯自：Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons Rescue Motor Defects in Parkinsonian Monkeys
doi:10.1172/JCI62516
PMC:
PMID:
Autologous mesenchymal stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons function in parkinsonian macaques.
Takuya Hayashi, Shohei Wakao, Masaaki Kitada, et al
Abstract：A cell-based therapy for the replacement of dopaminergic neurons has been a long-term goal in Parkinson’s disease research. Here, we show that autologous engraftment of A9 dopaminergic neuron-like cells induced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) leads to long-term survival of the cells and restoration of motor function in hemiparkinsonian macaques. Differentiated MSCs expressed markers of A9 dopaminergic neurons and released dopamine after depolarization in vitro. The differentiated autologous cells were engrafted in the affected portion of the striatum. Animals that received transplants showed modest and gradual improvements in motor behaviors. Positron emission tomography (PET) using [11C]-CFT, a ligand for the dopamine transporter (DAT), revealed a dramatic increase in DAT expression, with a subsequent exponential decline over a period of 7 months. Kinetic analysis of the PET findings revealed that DAT expression remained above baseline levels for over 7 months. Immunohistochemical evaluations at 9 months consistently demonstrated the existence of cells positive for DAT and other A9 dopaminergic neuron markers in the engrafted striatum. These data suggest that transplantation of differentiated autologous MSCs may represent a safe and effective cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease.
