生物谷報道:前列腺癌是亞洲地區(qū)僅次于肺癌的第二高發(fā)癌癥,在這方面進行的研究頗多,,但是對于其機制了解的卻很少,,近期來自加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校泌尿?qū)W系,,生物化學(xué)與分子醫(yī)學(xué)系,,中國協(xié)和醫(yī)科大學(xué)(原北京協(xié)和醫(yī)科,Peking union Medical College)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種特異性的miRNA與前列腺癌的病理發(fā)生機制相關(guān),,這對于前列腺癌的機制研究,,以及診斷和治療意義重大。這一研究成果公布在《美國國家科學(xué)院院刊》(PNAS)雜志上,。
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這一研究的是加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的Ralph W. deVere White博士,,其一直致力于前列腺癌的研究,之前曾證實了菇類萃取液不具抗前列腺癌功效,,提醒患者不要服用了含有毒性,甚至與傳統(tǒng)療法有所抵觸的營養(yǎng)補充品,,造成不良效果,。文章的第一作者為石旭保(Xu-Bao Shi,音譯)。
前列腺癌(prostate cancer ,,CaP)是男性生殖系最常見的惡性腫瘤,,發(fā)病隨年齡而增長,其發(fā)病率有明顯的地區(qū)差異,,歐美地區(qū)較高,,是男性癌死亡的主要原因之一。據(jù)報道僅次于肺癌,,在男性是癌癥死亡的第二位,。我國以前發(fā)病率較低,但由于人口老齡化,,近年來發(fā)病率有所增加,,同時由于對前列腺癌的診斷方法的不斷改進,如酸性磷酸酶的放射免疫測定,,前列腺液的乳酸脫氫酶的測定,,經(jīng)直腸的超聲顯像,CT檢查以及前列腺穿刺針改進等,,使前腺癌得以早期診斷,,也使前列腺癌的發(fā)病率由所增加。治療方面一般采取前列腺根治術(shù),,睪丸切除術(shù)佐以內(nèi)分泌,、化學(xué)藥物和各種放射治療等。
雖然前列腺癌近年來發(fā)病率增加,,因而在這方面的研究投入也增多了,,但是對于前列腺癌癥的發(fā)生和擴散機制至今了解的還很少,最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在這種癌癥發(fā)生(tumorigenesis)過程中出現(xiàn)了異常microRNAs表達,,盡管這一領(lǐng)域的研究人員確定了一些異常情況,,但是前列腺癌中miRNAs的作用仍然不為人知。
針對這種情況,,在這篇文章中,,研究人員進行了一系列的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)在雄激素(androgen,,調(diào)節(jié)男性性功能的關(guān)鍵激素)依賴性和非依賴性兩種前列腺癌細胞中,,以及良性和惡性前列腺組織中,miR-125b 表達有所不同,。而且雄激素信號也受到miR-125b 表達的正調(diào)控,。
進一步研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)合成的miR-125b 轉(zhuǎn)染會刺激前列腺癌細胞的雄激素非依賴性生長,以及Bak1表達的負調(diào)控,。這些研究結(jié)果都說明miR-125b 是一種致癌基因,,與前列腺癌病理發(fā)生(pathogenesis)有關(guān),。
miRNA是生物體內(nèi)源長度約為20-23個核苷酸的非編碼小RNA,通過與靶mRNA的互補配對而在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平上對基因的表達進行負調(diào)控,,導(dǎo)致mRNA的降解或翻譯抑制,。許多研究表明這種在細胞生長和發(fā)育過程的調(diào)節(jié)過程中起多種作用的小分子與癌癥相關(guān),近期幾項研究都在這方面發(fā)表了重要發(fā)現(xiàn),,見最新文章發(fā)現(xiàn)miRNA與癌癥新關(guān)聯(lián),,RNAi技術(shù)在癌癥研究領(lǐng)域取得突破性發(fā)現(xiàn)等。
原始出處:
Published online before print December 3, 2007, 10.1073/pnas.0706641104
PNAS | December 11, 2007 | vol. 104 | no. 50 | 19983-19988
An androgen-regulated miRNA suppresses Bak1 expression and induces androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells
Xu-Bao Shi*, Lingru Xue*, Joy Yang*, Ai-Hong Ma, Jianjun Zhao, Ma Xu, Clifford G. Tepper, Christopher P. Evans*, Hsing-Jien Kung, and Ralph W. deVere White*,
Departments of *Urology and Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817; and National Research Institute for Family Planning, Peking union Medical College, Beijing 100081, China
Edited by Carlo M. Croce, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, and approved October 22, 2007 (received for review July 14, 2007)
Although prostate cancer (CaP) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American men, the mechanisms explaining the development and progression of CaP remain largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that some aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis. Although aberrant expression of certain miRNAs has been discovered in CaP, their function in this disease has not yet been defined. In this study, we found differential expression of miR-125b in androgen-dependent and independent CaP cells, as well as in benign and malignant prostate tissues. Furthermore, androgen signaling was able to up-regulate the expression of miR-125b. In addition, transfection of synthetic miR-125b stimulated androgen-independent growth of CaP cells and down-regulated the expression of Bak1. Our results suggest that miR-125b acts as an oncogene, contributing to the pathogenesis of CaP.
microRNA | miR-125b | ISH | LNCaP