據(jù)英國廣播公司6月20日報道，由世界各地的科學家組成的研發(fā)小組表示,，他們采用新的方法開發(fā)疫苗并用來治療前列腺癌,。
《自然—醫(yī)學》雜志刊登的報告說，從健康細胞提出的DNA被用來開發(fā)一種新疫苗,。這種疫苗用于患前列腺癌的老鼠,，治愈率高達80%。研究人員相信,，這一方法有可能適用于其他癌癥疫苗的開發(fā),，并已經(jīng)開始對黑色素瘤疫苗的研究。
英國癌癥研究會表示,，這是一項重大的科研發(fā)展,，不過疫苗仍需要進行人體試驗。
研發(fā)癌癥疫苗并非新創(chuàng)舉,。與傳統(tǒng)疫苗防止疾病的作用不同,，癌癥疫苗通過促使自身免疫系統(tǒng)攻擊已經(jīng)生成的腫瘤達到治療效果。
英國利茲大學和美國一家診所進行的這一研究,，從健康的前列腺細胞分解DNA后,，植入病毒。這種病毒不斷感染試驗老鼠,。前列腺DNA使這一病毒生成多項前列腺抗原,，當免疫系統(tǒng)抵抗病毒時學會了對前列腺癌細胞發(fā)起攻擊。
其中至關重要的是,，健康的前列腺細胞和其它身體部分并不會受到影響,。
科學家在試驗室中,，只用了一個療程共九次注射取得前列腺腫瘤80%的治愈率。
不過研究人員表示,，這一疫苗開始進行人體試驗仍然需要多年時間,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Nature Medicine DOI:10.1038/nm.2390
Broad antigenic coverage induced by vaccination with virus-based cDNA libraries cures established tumors
Timothy Kottke; Fiona Errington; Jose Pulido; Feorillo Galivo; Jill Thompson; Phonphimon Wongthida; Rosa Maria Diaz; Heung Chong; Elizabeth Ilett; John Chester; Hardev Pandha; Kevin Harrington; Peter Selby; Alan Melcher; Richard Vile
Effective cancer immunotherapy requires the release of a broad spectrum of tumor antigens in the context of potent immune activation. We show here that a cDNA library of normal tissue, expressed from a highly immunogenic viral platform, cures established tumors of the same histological type from which the cDNA library was derived. Immune escape occurred with suboptimal vaccination, but tumor cells that escaped the immune pressure were readily treated by second-line virus-based immunotherapy. This approach has several major advantages. Use of the cDNA library leads to presentation of a broad repertoire of (undefined) tumor-associated antigens, which reduces emergence of treatment-resistant variants and also permits rational, combined-modality approaches in the clinic. Finally, the viral vectors can be delivered systemically, without the need for tumor targeting, and are amenable to clinical-grade production. Therefore, virus-expressed cDNA libraries represent a novel paradigm for cancer treatment addressing many of the key issues that have undermined the efficacy of immuno- and virotherapy to date.
