12月6日，國際著名雜志British Journal of Cancer在線發(fā)表了英國研究人員的一項研究成果“The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010,。”該研究報告顯示,，逾四成的癌癥患者因為生活習(xí)慣欠佳而患癌，這些習(xí)慣包括抽煙,、喝酒及飲食不當(dāng)?shù)取?/p>
英國每年診斷出的13萬癌癥患者中,，有近半數(shù)都因生活習(xí)慣太差，其中香煙是最大殺手,，23%的男性及15.6%的女性都因為香煙而患癌,。第二大殺手則是男性較少攝取新鮮蔬果及女性體重過重,。
負(fù)責(zé)進(jìn)行這項研究的巴金教授指出，許多人認(rèn)為患癌是因為自己運(yùn)氣不好,，或是體內(nèi)有癌癥基因,，從研究調(diào)查結(jié)果來看，四成以上的癌癥病例事實上都是可以避免的,。
巴金教授提出防癌建議：男性最重要的是戒煙,，攝取更多的蔬果，同時減少飲用酒精飲料,。女性要防癌最重要的也是戒煙,，但同時要注意體重 。研究顯示,，1/10的乳癌患者是因為過重,。
報告同時顯示，食道癌患者半數(shù)是因為攝取的蔬果太少,，另有1/5的患者是因為飲酒,。如口腔癌及喉癌等癌癥，則幾乎都是因為生活習(xí)慣太差而引起的,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.474
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The fraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010
D M Parkin
The overall objective of the study is to estimate the percentage of cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) in the UK in 2010 that were the result of exposure to 14 major lifestyle, dietary and environmental risk factors: tobacco, alcohol, four elements of diet (consumption of meat, fruit and vegetables, fibre and salt), overweight, lack of physical exercise, occupation, infections, radiation (ionising and solar), use of hormones and reproductive history (breast feeding). The number of new cases attributable to suboptimal exposure levels in the past, relative to a theoretical optimum exposure distribution, is evaluated. For most of the exposures, the attributable fraction was calculated based on the distribution of exposure prevalence (around 2000), the difference from the theoretical optimum (by age group and sex) and the relative risk per unit difference. For tobacco smoking, the method developed by Peto et al (1992) was used, which relies on the ratio between observed incidence of lung cancer in smokers and that in non-smokers, to calibrate the risk. This article outlines the structure of the supplement – a section for each of the 14 exposures, followed by a Summary chapter, which considers the relative contributions of each factor to the total number of cancers diagnosed in the UK in 2010 that were, in theory, avoidable.
