大豆有兩種生長習(xí)性：有限結(jié)莢,，即主莖在開花后不再生長,；無限結(jié)莢，即開花后繼續(xù)生長,。對于不同地區(qū)農(nóng)民而言,，兩種習(xí)性的大豆都具有重要的經(jīng)濟價值。因此,，幫助農(nóng)民找到合適的大豆生長習(xí)性十分重要,。
因此，普渡大學(xué)的Zhixi Tiana和其他科學(xué)家進行了一項研究,，利用模式植物擬南芥鑒定決定大豆生長習(xí)性的基因,。研究者將決定擬南芥主莖生長的基因與大豆整套遺傳密碼對比，將栽培大豆（G. max）的四個候選基因與其他大豆品種的基因?qū)Ρ?，發(fā)現(xiàn)Dt1基因的一個單獨核苷堿基對突變體是部分大豆植株有限生長的基礎(chǔ),。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1000088107
Artificial selection for determinate growth habit in soybean
Zhixi Tiana,1, Xiaobo Wangb,1, Rian Leec, Yinghui Lib, James E. Spechtd, Randall L. Nelsone, Phillip E. McCleanc,2, Lijuan Qiub,2, and Jianxin Maa,2
aDepartment of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907;
bNational Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
cDepartment of Plant Sciences, and Genomics and Bioinformatics Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108;
dDepartment of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583; and
eSoybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Determinacy is an agronomically important trait associated with the domestication in soybean (Glycine max). Most soybean cultivars are classifiable into indeterminate and determinate growth habit, whereas Glycine soja, the wild progenitor of soybean, is indeterminate. Indeterminate (Dt1/Dt1) and determinate (dt1/dt1) genotypes, when mated, produce progeny that segregate in a monogenic pattern. Here, we show evidence that Dt1 is a homolog (designated as GmTfl1) of Arabidopsis terminal flower 1 (TFL1), a regulatory gene encoding a signaling protein of shoot meristems. The transition from indeterminate to determinate phenotypes in soybean is associated with independent human selections of four distinct single-nucleotide substitutions in the GmTfl1 gene, each of which led to a single amino acid change. Genetic diversity of a minicore collection of Chinese soybean landraces assessed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and allelic variation at the GmTfl1 locus suggest that human selection for determinacy took place at early stages of landrace radiation. The GmTfl1 allele introduced into a determinate-type (tfl1/tfl1) Arabidopsis mutants fully restored the wild-type (TFL1/TFL1) phenotype, but the Gmtfl1 allele in tfl1/tfl1 mutants did not result in apparent phenotypic change. These observations indicate that GmTfl1 complements the functions of TFL1 in Arabidopsis. However, the GmTfl1 homeolog, despite its more recent divergence from GmTfl1 than from Arabidopsis TFL1, appears to be sub- or neo-functionalized, as revealed by the differential expression of the two genes at multiple plant developmental stages and by allelic analysis at both loci.
