肥胖責(zé)任在于你的基因嗎？近日,，研究人員發(fā)表論文稱：某些“肥胖基因”變異個(gè)體傾向于吃更多的飯菜和小吃,，每天消耗更多的熱量、高脂肪以及含糖的食物,。
他們的研究成果刊登在American Journal of Clinical Nutrition雜志上,，該研究揭示FTO和BDNF（腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子）基因的某些變異在飲食習(xí)慣中可能發(fā)揮的作用，進(jìn)而可導(dǎo)致某些人肥胖,。
研究結(jié)果表明除了采用其他健康的生活習(xí)慣如定期進(jìn)行身體活動(dòng)外,，改變一個(gè)人的飲食模式和食物的選擇也可能會(huì)減少肥胖的遺傳風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
研究人員表示：了解我們的基因是如何影響肥胖的很關(guān)鍵,，但重要的是要知道僅靠改變遺傳因素并不意味肥胖是可避免的,。
當(dāng)涉及到我們體重是輕或重時(shí)，不考慮遺傳因素時(shí),，我們生活方式的選擇是至關(guān)重要的,。發(fā)現(xiàn)的肥胖遺傳標(biāo)記可能便于今后針對(duì)該標(biāo)記物的干預(yù)措施來(lái)控制那些有遺傳傾向的肥胖患者的體重。
此前有研究表明肥胖相關(guān)基因FTO和腦源性神經(jīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)因子在肥胖患者中發(fā)生變異的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大大提高,。研究還證實(shí)這兩個(gè)基因也與孩子暴飲暴食有關(guān),，但FTO和BDNF在大腦中控制飲食和食欲的確切機(jī)制仍是未知的。
FTO基因的變異與膳食和零食的選擇特別顯著相關(guān),，F(xiàn)TO基因變異的人每天攝取更多脂肪,、油和甜食脂肪成分。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖基因?qū)w重的影響,，這些基因至少可以通過(guò)控制飲食攝入的模式來(lái)影響我們體重,。好消息是通過(guò)改變飲食習(xí)慣，我們也許能夠改變這些的飲食習(xí)慣以減少肥胖的遺傳風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。（生物谷：Bioon.com）
doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.026955
PMC:
PMID:
Obesity susceptibility loci and dietary intake in the Look AHEAD Trial.
J. M. McCaffery, G. D. Papandonatos, I. Peter, G. S. Huggins, H. A. Raynor, L. M. Delahanty, L. J. Cheskin, A. Balasubramanyam, L. E. Wagenknecht, R. R. Wing.
Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified consistent associations with obesity. However, the mechanisms remain unclear.
Objective: The objective was to determine the association between obesity susceptibility loci and dietary intake.
Design: The association of GWAS-identified obesity risk alleles (FTO, MC4R, SH2B1, BDNF, INSIG2, TNNI3K, NISCH-STAB1, MTIF3, MAP2K5, QPCTL/GIPR, and PPARG) with dietary intake, measured through food-frequency questionnaires, was investigated in 2075 participants from the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) clinical trial. We adjusted for age, sex, population stratification, and study site.
Results: Obesity risk alleles at FTO rs1421085 significantly predicted more eating episodes per day (P = 0.001)—an effect that persisted after adjustment for body weight (P = 0.004). Risk variants within BDNF were significantly associated with more servings from the dairy product and the meat, eggs, nuts, and beans food groups (P ≤ 0.004). The risk allele at SH2B1 rs4788099 was significantly associated with more servings of dairy products (P = 0.001), whereas the risk allele at TNNI3K rs1514176 was significantly associated with a lower percentage of energy from protein (P = 0.002).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that obesity risk loci may affect the pattern and content of food consumption among overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. The Look AHEAD Genetic Ancillary Study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01270763 and the Look AHEAD study as NCT00017953.
