德國科學(xué)家經(jīng)過長期觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，愿意與雌性黑猩猩分享肉食的雄性黑猩猩更容易受到前者的青睞,，而且這并非一種短期行為,。
德國馬克斯·普朗克進(jìn)化人類學(xué)研究所的科學(xué)家Cristina M. Gomes等4月8日在美國《公共科學(xué)圖書館·綜合》（PLoS ONE）網(wǎng)絡(luò)期刊上介紹說,，他們對科特迪瓦某國家公園的49只黑猩猩進(jìn)行長期研究后發(fā)現(xiàn),，愿意與異性分享肉食的雄性黑猩猩更容易獲得雌性黑猩猩的歡迎，這種現(xiàn)象并非只發(fā)生在雌性黑猩猩發(fā)情期，而是雌性黑猩猩的長期行為模式,。
雌性黑猩猩如何選擇“對象”,、雄性黑猩猩為何愿意將狩獵成果與異性分享等問題一直是動物學(xué)家研究的課題。針對人類狩獵采集社會的研究也表明,，在狩獵方面技能較好的男性容易“找對象”并擁有較多后代,。在動物世界是否也是如此呢？此前的很多研究一直缺少直接證據(jù)加以證明,，德國研究人員的上述新發(fā)現(xiàn)為這種推測提供了佐證,。
德國研究人員說，這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)表明,，作為人類的近親,，黑猩猩可能也會從往事中總結(jié)經(jīng)驗、籌劃未來,。此外，這一研究也為早期人類社會關(guān)系的研究提供了參考,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PLoS ONE,，doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005116，Cristina M. Gomes,，Christophe Boesch
Wild Chimpanzees Exchange Meat for Sex on a Long-Term Basis
Cristina M. Gomes*, Christophe Boesch
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
Humans and chimpanzees are unusual among primates in that they frequently perform group hunts of mammalian prey and share meat with conspecifics. Especially interesting are cases in which males give meat to unrelated females. The meat-for-sex hypothesis aims at explaining these cases by proposing that males and females exchange meat for sex, which would result in males increasing their mating success and females increasing their caloric intake without suffering the energetic costs and potential risk of injury related to hunting. Although chimpanzees have been shown to share meat extensively with females, there has not been much direct evidence in this species to support the meat-for-sex hypothesis. Here we show that female wild chimpanzees copulate more frequently with those males who, over a period of 22 months, share meat with them. We excluded other alternative hypotheses to exchanging meat for sex, by statistically controlling for rank of the male, age, rank and gregariousness of the female, association patterns of each male-female dyad and meat begging frequency of each female. Although males were more likely to share meat with estrous than anestrous females given their proportional representation in hunting parties, the relationship between mating success and sharing meat remained significant after excluding from the analysis sharing episodes with estrous females. These results strongly suggest that wild chimpanzees exchange meat for sex, and do so on a long-term basis. Similar studies on humans will determine if the direct nutritional benefits that women receive from hunters in foraging societies could also be driving the relationship between reproductive success and good hunting skills.
