生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是具開放性,、非線性發(fā)展規(guī)律的能值網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng),，其自組織動態(tài)規(guī)律的理論研究由來已久,，并在功能與結(jié)構(gòu)兩方面分別取得長足發(fā)展,，但實證研究匱乏,。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)自組織功能與結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)典假說有待檢驗，效率規(guī)律有待揭示,。
南亞熱帶人工林樣地
中科院華南植物園植被景觀生態(tài)學(xué)研究組陸宏芳研究員等,，以鶴山丘陵植被恢復(fù)實驗站針葉林、桉林,、相思林和鄉(xiāng)土混交林為研究對象,，綜合運用Emergy和Eco-exergy理論方法，分析評價了4個南亞熱帶森林恢復(fù)模式建立20年之后的系統(tǒng)自組織狀態(tài)與效率,。結(jié)果表明,，初始狀態(tài)的不同確實會對系統(tǒng)自組織狀態(tài)與效率帶來長期影響。兩個外來種人工林在生物量和土壤有機質(zhì)積累方面表現(xiàn)較好,，而兩個鄉(xiāng)土種人工林在外部負熵資源的攝取能力方面表現(xiàn)突出,。能值轉(zhuǎn)換率指標同時考慮了流入與庫的變化，可用于評價系統(tǒng)的自組織效率,。南亞熱帶森林演替早期植被基于Eco-exergy的植被總體有序程度的主要貢獻來自于喬木層,，而基于Specific Eco-exergy的單位生物量植被有序程度主要貢獻來自于灌草層。物種遺傳信息量C值悖論確實存在,，并會在一定程度上影響以其為基礎(chǔ)的Eco-exergy評價結(jié)果,。Emergy與Eco-exergy兩種理論方法的綜合使用，有利于實現(xiàn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)自組織結(jié)構(gòu),、功能與效率的綜合評價,。
該相關(guān)研究成果已發(fā)表在國際生態(tài)工程重要學(xué)術(shù)期刊Ecological Engineering上（2011，37：277-285）,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Ecological Engineering doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.11.003
Emergy and eco-exergy evaluation of four forest restoration modes in southeast China
H.F. Lua, Z.H. Wanga, D.E. Campbellb, H. Rena, , and J. Wanga
a Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510650, China
b US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI, USA
Abstract
Four different forest restoration modes (Acacia mangium plantation, mixed-native species plantation, conifer plantation and Eucalyptus plantation) were evaluated using Energy System Theory and the emergy synthesis method. In addition, the eco-exergies of the four forest restoration modes were calculated, and combined with emergy and empower density to explore the restoration and self-organization efficiencies of these modes. The results showed that the two plantations of exotic species, especially the Acacia mangium plantation, were best for biomass accumulation and soil improvement, whereas the two plantations of native species, especially the mixed-native plantation, were more efficient in capturing the available natural resources. Transformity is an important emergy index for the evaluation of system efficiency, because it takes both input and output into account. In subtropical plantations, trees mainly contribute to eco-exergy, whereas herbs and shrubs mainly contribute to specific eco-exergy. The c-value Paradox does exist in conifer species in this study, and it could affect the eco-exergy evaluation. The joint use of eco-exergy and emergy analysis is helpful in comparing both different and similar kinds of ecosystems.
Keywords: Forest restoration; Emergy; Eco-exergy; Specific eco-exergy; Self-organization
