渤海鳥化石全長約35.7厘米,,其頭吻部短,,上下頜都長有多枚牙齒,前后肢接近等長,。沈陽師范大學(xué)供圖
復(fù)原后的渤海鳥,。 沈陽師范大學(xué)供圖
近日,科學(xué)家在遼西熱河生物群發(fā)現(xiàn)了反鳥類的一個新屬種——“渤海鳥”,。“渤海鳥”的發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅進(jìn)一步揭示了反鳥類的形態(tài)多樣性,,也澄清了許多此前對該類群形態(tài)特征的模糊認(rèn)識。
近日,,剛剛出版的國際著名學(xué)術(shù)刊物美國《古脊椎動物雜志》(JVP)發(fā)表了由沈陽師范大學(xué)胡東宇教授帶領(lǐng)的古鳥類研究組關(guān)于“渤海鳥”的新發(fā)現(xiàn),。
該化石產(chǎn)于遼寧建昌早白堊世義縣組,距今約1.25億年,,是“熱河生物群”反鳥類的一個新屬種,,命名為“郭氏渤海鳥”。
反鳥類繁盛于白堊紀(jì),,是鳥類起源之后第一支成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)全球性輻射的類群,,但與恐龍一起于白堊紀(jì)末期滅絕。反鳥類由于在肩胛骨與烏喙骨的關(guān)節(jié)方式上與現(xiàn)生鳥類相反,,由英國學(xué)者C.A.Walker于1981年建立了一個反鳥亞綱,;與包括所有現(xiàn)生鳥類在內(nèi)的今鳥亞綱一起,,構(gòu)成了鳥類的兩大善于飛行的進(jìn)步類群。
據(jù)沈陽師范大學(xué)專家介紹,,此次發(fā)現(xiàn)的“渤海鳥”化石保存精美,,全長約35.7厘米,其頭吻部短,,上下頜都長有多枚牙齒,,前后肢接近等長,具有長而彎曲的趾爪,,這些被認(rèn)為是以昆蟲為食,,營樹棲生活鳥類的典型特征。在手部的演化上,,“渤海鳥”表現(xiàn)為原始反鳥類和進(jìn)步反鳥類中間的過渡類型。此外,,“渤海鳥”也保存有多枚前肢飛羽印痕和兩枚末端丟失的帶狀尾羽印痕,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處:
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31(1): 154 - 161 DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2011.546305
A new enantiornithine bird from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China
Dongyu Hu; Li Li; Lianhaim Hou; Xing Xu (2011)
Abstract
A new enantiornithine bird, Bohaiornis guoi, gen. et sp.nov., is described in this paper. The holotype,presumably a sub-adult, is a complete, fully articulated skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, northeastern China. Bohaiornis exhibits some similarity in morphology to Eoenantiornis, but Bohaiornis is much larger than Eoenantiornis and differs from all previously known enantiornithine birds including Eoenantiornis in having the following features: caudal end of the articular pointed caudoventrally, sacral centra strongly compressed transversely, and clavicular ramus straight with a laterally expanded omal end. The almost perfectly preserved skeleton of this new specimen not only reveals many morphological features previously unknown in basal birds, but also clarifies many fine details of previously known features.