研究人員發(fā)現,，與整體物種水平中生物多樣性的喪失程度相比，由氣候變化所導致的一個物種內遺傳多樣性的喪失更為嚴重，新成果發(fā)表在8月在線出版的《自然—氣候變化》。他們指出，在評估氣候變化對生物多樣性的影響時,，應考慮遺傳多樣性的物種內模式。
Steffen Pauls,、Carsten Nowak 和同事合作,，估計了歐洲9種山居水生昆蟲的線粒體DNA變異，并模擬它們的分布,。他們將模擬的2080年的狀態(tài)與其中會有二氧化碳排放的情形進行了對比,。結果顯示，這些物種未來分布的收縮將伴隨血統(tǒng)遺傳進化和遺傳多樣性的嚴重喪失,。這種在遺傳水平上的預測性喪失大大超過了傳統(tǒng)描述的物種規(guī)模,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nclimate1191
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Cryptic biodiversity loss linked to global climate change
M. Bálint; S. Domisch; C. H. M. Engelhardt; P. Haase; S. Lehrian; J. Sauer; K. Theissinger; S. U. Pauls; C. Nowak
Global climate change (GCC) significantly affects distributional patterns of organisms1, and considerable impacts on biodiversity are predicted for the next decades. Inferred effects include large-scale range shifts towards higher altitudes and latitudes2, facilitation of biological invasions3 and species extinctions1, 3. Alterations of biotic patterns caused by GCC have usually been predicted on the scale of taxonomically recognized morphospecies1. However, the effects of climate change at the most fundamental level of biodiversity—intraspecific genetic diversity—remain elusive4. Here we show that the use of morphospecies-based assessments of GCC effects will result in underestimations of the true scale of biodiversity loss. Species distribution modelling and assessments of mitochondrial DNA variability in nine montane aquatic insect species in Europe indicate that future range contractions will be accompanied by severe losses of cryptic evolutionary lineages and genetic diversity within these lineages. These losses greatly exceed those at the scale of morphospecies. We also document that the extent of range reduction may be a useful proxy when predicting losses of genetic diversity. Our results demonstrate that intraspecific patterns of genetic diversity should be considered when estimating the effects of climate change on biodiversity.
