研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，與整體物種水平中生物多樣性的喪失程度相比,，由氣候變化所導(dǎo)致的一個(gè)物種內(nèi)遺傳多樣性的喪失更為嚴(yán)重，新成果發(fā)表在8月在線(xiàn)出版的《自然—氣候變化》,。他們指出,，在評(píng)估氣候變化對(duì)生物多樣性的影響時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮遺傳多樣性的物種內(nèi)模式,。
Steffen Pauls,、Carsten Nowak 和同事合作，估計(jì)了歐洲9種山居水生昆蟲(chóng)的線(xiàn)粒體DNA變異,，并模擬它們的分布,。他們將模擬的2080年的狀態(tài)與其中會(huì)有二氧化碳排放的情形進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。結(jié)果顯示,，這些物種未來(lái)分布的收縮將伴隨血統(tǒng)遺傳進(jìn)化和遺傳多樣性的嚴(yán)重喪失,。這種在遺傳水平上的預(yù)測(cè)性喪失大大超過(guò)了傳統(tǒng)描述的物種規(guī)模。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nclimate1191
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Cryptic biodiversity loss linked to global climate change
M. Bálint; S. Domisch; C. H. M. Engelhardt; P. Haase; S. Lehrian; J. Sauer; K. Theissinger; S. U. Pauls; C. Nowak
Global climate change (GCC) significantly affects distributional patterns of organisms1, and considerable impacts on biodiversity are predicted for the next decades. Inferred effects include large-scale range shifts towards higher altitudes and latitudes2, facilitation of biological invasions3 and species extinctions1, 3. Alterations of biotic patterns caused by GCC have usually been predicted on the scale of taxonomically recognized morphospecies1. However, the effects of climate change at the most fundamental level of biodiversity—intraspecific genetic diversity—remain elusive4. Here we show that the use of morphospecies-based assessments of GCC effects will result in underestimations of the true scale of biodiversity loss. Species distribution modelling and assessments of mitochondrial DNA variability in nine montane aquatic insect species in Europe indicate that future range contractions will be accompanied by severe losses of cryptic evolutionary lineages and genetic diversity within these lineages. These losses greatly exceed those at the scale of morphospecies. We also document that the extent of range reduction may be a useful proxy when predicting losses of genetic diversity. Our results demonstrate that intraspecific patterns of genetic diversity should be considered when estimating the effects of climate change on biodiversity.
