日前,， PNAS上刊登了美國(guó)Rutgers大學(xué)Ignasi Bartomeus研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的最新論文"Climate-associated phenological advances in bee pollinators and bee-pollinated plants",，這項(xiàng)研究報(bào)告認(rèn)為，植物和它們的蜜蜂傳粉者的季節(jié)周期在過(guò)去的130年里都發(fā)生了類(lèi)似的變化,，這種變化主要發(fā)生在1970年到2010年氣溫上升的時(shí)候,。
Ignasi Bartomeus及其同事使用當(dāng)代數(shù)據(jù)和上溯到19世紀(jì)80年代的博物館數(shù)據(jù)，從而研究了北美東北地區(qū)春季出現(xiàn)10種野生蜂的與氣候有關(guān)的變化,。他們的模型表明在過(guò)去的130年中,，這些蜂每年春天平均早出現(xiàn)了10天，這種變化大部分出現(xiàn)在1970年之后,，這恰逢全球氣溫上升,。這組作者還使用來(lái)自4個(gè)已發(fā)表的研究的信息追蹤了這些蜂傳粉的106種原產(chǎn)植物物種年度春季開(kāi)花的變化。這組作者發(fā)現(xiàn),，植物和蜂的季節(jié)周期都發(fā)生了類(lèi)似的變化,。這組作者提出，盡管蜂出現(xiàn)的周期看上去與宿主植物開(kāi)花的變化同步,，如果氣候變暖以現(xiàn)在的速率繼續(xù)下去,，未來(lái)可能出現(xiàn)額外的不匹配。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
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doi:10.1073/pnas.1115559108
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Climate-associated phenological advances in bee pollinators and bee-pollinated plants
Ignasi Bartomeusa,1, John S. Ascherb, David Wagnerc, Bryan N. Danforthd, Sheila Collae, Sarah Kornbluthb, and Rachael Winfreea
The phenology of many ecological processes is modulated by temperature, making them potentially sensitive to climate change. Mutualistic interactions may be especially vulnerable because of the potential for phenological mismatching if the species involved do not respond similarly to changes in temperature. Here we present an analysis of climate-associated shifts in the phenology of wild bees, the most important pollinators worldwide, and compare these shifts to published studies of bee-pollinated plants over the same time period. We report that over the past 130 y, the phenology of 10 bee species from northeastern North America has advanced by a mean of 10.4 ± 1.3 d. Most of this advance has taken place since 1970, paralleling global temperature increases. When the best available data are used to estimate analogous rates of advance for plants, these rates are not distinguishable from those of bees, suggesting that bee emergence is keeping pace with shifts in host-plant flowering, at least among the generalist species that we investigated.
