植被分布格局及對生境的響應(yīng)和反饋一直是生態(tài)學(xué)研究的主要內(nèi)容,。以往的研究表明，植被和土壤存在空間異質(zhì)性的耦合關(guān)系,。了解荒漠或沙漠植物群落空間格局與包括土壤性質(zhì)在內(nèi)的小生境的關(guān)系,，對認(rèn)識干旱半干旱地區(qū)景觀的生態(tài)學(xué)過程，備受關(guān)注且意義重大,。
古爾班通古特沙漠不僅是中國最大的固定-半固定沙漠,，也是世界溫帶沙漠中具有豐的植物物種與基因資源的典型區(qū)域，且該沙漠地貌形態(tài)中占優(yōu)勢的縱向沙壟更具代表性,。為此,，中國科學(xué)院新疆生態(tài)與地理研究所錢亦兵研究員等以古爾班通古特沙漠南部縱向沙壟為研究對象，應(yīng)用地統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法分析沙壟上風(fēng)沙土理化性狀和植被的空間異質(zhì)性及二者的相互影響,，為深入研究沙漠區(qū)植被空間格局的生態(tài)學(xué)過程提供了參考,。
研究結(jié)果表明：受沙壟地形影響，植被中木本層片的物種多樣性呈斑塊狀分布,，草本層片物種多樣性呈現(xiàn)平行沙壟的帶狀結(jié)構(gòu)和斑塊結(jié)構(gòu)疊加的特點,，而植被蓋度則具帶狀異向性空間結(jié)構(gòu)。風(fēng)沙土性狀受高程,、坡向,、坡度及壟上局部微地形等沙壟地貌和植被格局的影響，具有弱~中等程度的變異,。植被格局和風(fēng)沙土性狀總體呈中等~強(qiáng)烈的空間異質(zhì)性,，空間依賴范圍（變程）介于8.8~74.8m。由于二者具有等級系統(tǒng)的套合結(jié)構(gòu),，需用不同取樣尺度上的分維數(shù)D描述其空間變異性程度,。植被蓋度及草本層片物種多樣性與風(fēng)沙土淺層含水量的自相關(guān)空間范圍（變程）和分維數(shù)D比較相似。風(fēng)沙土粗粒級值φ1,、分選系數(shù)σ與草本層片多樣性,、植被蓋度有著較接近的依賴空間，為37.8~57.8m,，而有機(jī)質(zhì)和全N含量的空間變異趨勢和植被蓋度的非常相似,。風(fēng)沙土pH及含鹽性的空間變異主要受地形制約，和植被基本無關(guān),。
上述研究在Environmental Earth Sciences上在線發(fā)表,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
DOI:10.1007/s12665-012-2039-7
PMC:
PMID:
Relationship of spatial heterogeneity for vegetation and aeolian sand soil properties on longitudinal dunes in Gurbantunggut Desert, China
Yibing Qian, Zhaoning Wu, Zhongcheng Wang, Haifeng Yang, Chao Jiang
On longitudinal dunes in the southern Gurbantunggut Desert, the vegetation was investigated, and the texture, water content, organic matter, total nitrogen, salt content and pH of aeolian sand soil were measured. By means of geostatistical methods, the spatial heterogeneity for vegetation and aeolian sand soil properties was analyzed. The vegetation pattern and aeolian sand soil properties were moderately to strongly spatially heterogeneous as a whole, with a spatially dependent range of 8.8–74.8 m. Because both of them had a nest structure of grading system, their spatial heterogeneity needed to be described by the fractal dimensions at different sampling scales. The autocorrelated spatial range A0 and fractal dimensions of the cover of vegetation and the diversity of herberious synusium were similar to these of soil water contents (SM). The coarse grain size (φ1) and sorting (σ) of soil, the diversity of herbaceous synusium and the cover of vegetation had a closer dependent range A0, being 37.8–57.8 m. The trends of spatial variation for organic matter and total nitrogen contents were very similar to that of vegetation cover. The spatial heterogeneities of soil pH and salt content were mainly restricted by terrain and basically not related to vegetation. Page %P Close Plain text Download PDF (593 KB) Look Inside Share Share this content on FacebookShare this content on TwitterShare this content on LinkedIn Within this Article: Introduction Study area and methods Results and analyses Discussion Conclusion References References
