隨著人類活動(dòng)對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響日益劇增，干擾對(duì)生物個(gè)體,、種群動(dòng)態(tài),、群落結(jié)構(gòu)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的影響機(jī)理逐漸成為當(dāng)今生態(tài)學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，其中植物對(duì)土地利用過(guò)程中的人類干擾的反應(yīng)是生態(tài)學(xué)上的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,。各種干擾事件如放牧,、火燒、風(fēng)沙,、砍伐和刈割對(duì)植被的作用都是干擾的生態(tài)作用研究的組成部分,，這些干擾對(duì)植被更新和生長(zhǎng)有著重要的影響。
疏葉駱駝刺在塔克拉瑪干沙漠南緣綠洲-沙漠過(guò)渡帶廣泛分布,，是當(dāng)?shù)刈钃躏L(fēng)沙入侵的重要屏障和重要的牧草資源,。然而，由于當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦倪^(guò)度采伐和放牧,，疏葉駱駝刺植被遭受大面積的破壞和退化,，許多學(xué)者提出應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)疏葉駱駝刺植被的保護(hù),。但現(xiàn)有研究缺乏從資源利用層面，探討砍伐和火燒等主要的人類活動(dòng)干擾對(duì)疏葉駱駝刺植被生產(chǎn)力的影響,。
中國(guó)科學(xué)院新疆生態(tài)與地理研究所曾凡江研究員指導(dǎo)博士生李海峰針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,，通過(guò)連續(xù)兩年的試驗(yàn)觀測(cè)，研究了不同干擾處理（春季砍伐,、春季火燒和秋季砍伐）對(duì)疏葉駱駝刺再生的影響,，結(jié)果表明：春季火燒和春季砍伐均顯著降低了疏葉駱駝刺的株高和地上生物量，不利于駱駝刺的再生長(zhǎng),；秋季適度砍伐則使疏葉駱駝刺地上生物量累積顯著增加,，有利于疏葉駱駝刺植被生產(chǎn)力的提高。該研究為更好地保護(hù)和合理利用疏葉駱駝刺植被資源提供科學(xué)依據(jù),。
相關(guān)研究結(jié)果以Effects of cutting and burning on regeneration of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. on the southern fringe of the Taklamakan Desert, North-west China為題發(fā)表于The Rangeland Journal,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
DOI:10.1071/RJ12020
PMC:
PMID:
Effects of cutting and burning on regeneration of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. on the southern fringe of the Taklamakan Desert, North-west China
Haifeng Li A B C, Fanjiang Zeng A C D, Dongwei Gui A C, Ligang Zhang A B C, Cong Song A B C, Weicheng Luo A B C and Shoulan Peng A B C
Indigenous vegetation such as Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) has been severely damaged in recent years because of the growing population and increasing land use on the southern margin of the Taklamakan Desert. Alhagi sparsifolia plays an important role in supporting the fragile ecosystem in the oasis foreland as it has multiple ecological and economic functions. Cele Oasis, located on the southern rim of the Taklamakan Desert, was used to investigate the impact of human disturbance on regeneration of A. sparsifolia in the oasis–desert ecotone. Observations of A. sparsifolia in response to cutting and burning were conducted in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that burning in spring significantly decreased height and biomass in comparison to cutting in the fall. Moreover, biomass was decreased by spring burning more than by spring cutting. Burning in spring is no advantage for the growth and survival of A. sparsifolia. Cutting in fall appears to be a useful treatment for increasing the production from and survival of A. sparsifolia that could facilitate the sustainable development of the Cele Oasis.
