鱸鯉屬Percocypris隸屬于鯉形目Cypriniformes鯉科Cyprinidae,，是大型兇猛的淡水魚類,。鱸鯉屬魚類的分布格局十分獨特,，即在青藏高原南部的每個主要水系中只分布一種或亞種,，這種特殊的地理格局,，為驗證青藏高原東南緣古水系形態(tài)及其對生物物種的影響的假說提供了理想模型。然而,，該屬最基本的分類問題,，仍然存在著爭議。
昆明動物研究所楊君興研究員和陳小勇副研究員指導(dǎo)博士研究生王茉通過較為全面的取樣和綜合選取線粒體基因和核基因作為分子標記,，采用分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)的研究手段,，首次對鱸鯉屬的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系進行研究。該屬的單系性得到證實,，其姐妹群為裂腹魚屬,，屬內(nèi)各類群之間的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系得以闡明,，填補了該類群的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育研究空白。另外,，通過多變量形態(tài)度量學(xué)分析和骨骼特征分析對鱸鯉屬魚類各主要支系的形態(tài)特征進行了比較。結(jié)合分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)和形態(tài)學(xué)分析結(jié)果,，認為鱸鯉屬的分類體系應(yīng)該進行重新修訂,，應(yīng)包括六個種（之前正式命名的有2種3亞種）。并且,，基于新的分類框架,，該屬每個物種的保護等級應(yīng)被重新評估。通過分化時間估計和祖先水系推斷,，對鱸鯉屬的起源和演化進行重構(gòu),，提出如下假說：鱸鯉屬起源于中新世的一個青藏高原東部的古水系。由青藏高原隆起造成的水系格局變化的隔離作用可能在其物種分化過程中起著重要作用,。此外,，探討了該屬魚類不同生態(tài)型的形態(tài)分歧與其環(huán)境的相關(guān)性。
此研究結(jié)果已發(fā)表于國際期刊PLoS ONE上,，該研究得到了國家自然科學(xué)基金項目（30870288 和 30730017）的資助,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061827
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Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography of Percocypris (Cyprinidae, Teleostei)
Wang M, Yang J-X, Chen X-Y
Fierce predatory freshwater fishes, the species of Percocypris (Cyprinidae, Teleostei) inhabit large rivers or lakes, and have a specific distribution pattern. Only a single species or subspecies occurs in each large-scale drainage basin of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. In this study, the molecular phylogenetic relationships for all but one of the described subspecies/species of Percocypris were investigated based on three mitochondrial genes (16S; COI; Cyt b) and one nuclear marker (Rag2). The results of Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses show that Percocypris is a strongly supported monophyletic group and that it is the sister group of Schizothorax. Combined with analyses of morphological characters, our results suggest that Percocypris needs to be reclassified, and we propose that six species be recognized, with corresponding distributions in five main drainages (including one lake). In addition, based on the results of the estimation of divergence times and ancestral drainages, we hypothesize that Percocypris likely originated in the early Miocene from a paleo-connected drainage system containing the contemporary main drainages of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. This study suggests that vicariance (due to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau modifying the large-scale morphologies of drainage basins in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau) has played an important role in the speciation of the genus. Furthermore, external morphological characters (such as the length of the fins) and an internal trait (the position of pterygiophore) appear to be correlated with different habitats in rivers and the lake.
