生物谷報道：人類的腸道微生物在代謝過程中起著非常重要的作用,，而科學(xué)家最近將它們移植給老鼠,，以更好的了解人類和其它動物的代謝系統(tǒng)。研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《Molecular Systems Biology》上,。
腸道微生物生活在各種動物體內(nèi),。而此項研究主要分析它們在身體吸收脂肪和消化纖維，以及新陳代謝路徑中起到的作用,。小組成員來自英國帝國學(xué)院和瑞士Nestle研究中心,。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)通過影響膽汁分泌，這些微生物就可以影響脂肪的吸收和代謝,。膽汁是肝臟分泌的用于在腸道上部乳化脂肪的消化液,，腸道微生物就是作用于這一乳化過程。
同時膽汁還是影響在肝臟中脂肪變化的激素調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì),，因此腸道微生物對膽汁的影響還會作用于這一內(nèi)部過程,。某些微生物能消化食物中的纖維，因此這些微生物一旦變得很有效率,，我們就可以從食物中獲取更多的能量,。
不同的人群體內(nèi)生活著不同的腸道微生物，最近研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這些微生物的異?？赡芎湍承┘膊∮嘘P(guān),，例如糖尿病、肥胖等,。因此科學(xué)家相信將這些人類腸道細(xì)菌移植給老鼠將幫助我們更好的了解它們的作用,，無論是好的或壞的，進(jìn)而幫助找到針對多種疾病的更好的治療手段,。
文章主要作者,，來自帝國學(xué)院生物分子醫(yī)學(xué)系得Jeremy Nicholson教授說：“人類體內(nèi)存在大約1.5公斤的細(xì)菌——相當(dāng)于肝臟重量，因此它們對于新陳代謝過程作用巨大,。”
英文原文鏈接：http://www.physorg.com/news99059035.html
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原始出處：
Subject Categories: Metabolic and regulatory networks | Molecular Biology of Disease
Molecular Systems Biology 3 Article number: 112 doi:10.1038/msb4100153
Published online: 22 May 2007
Citation: Molecular Systems Biology 3:112
A top-down systems biology view of microbiome-mammalian metabolic interactions in a mouse model
There is a News and Views associated with this document.
François-Pierre J Martin1,2, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas1, Yulan Wang1, Cristina Legido-Quigley1, Ivan K S Yap1, Huiru Tang1,a, Séverine Zirah1,a, Gerard M Murphy1, Olivier Cloarec1, John C Lindon1, Norbert Sprenger2, Laurent B Fay2, Sunil Kochhar2, Peter van Bladeren2, Elaine Holmes1 & Jeremy K Nicholson1
Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthetics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland
Correspondence to: Jeremy K Nicholson1 Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthetics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Tel.: +44 20 7594 3195; Fax: +44 20 7594 3226; Email: [email protected]
Received 5 February 2007; Accepted 14 March 2007; Published online 22 May 2007
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This license does not permit commercial exploitation or the creation of derivative works without specific permission.
aPresent address: State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
aPresent address: Regulations, Development and Molecular Diversity, National Museum of Natural History, Paris 75005, France
Abstract
Symbiotic gut microorganisms (microbiome) interact closely with the mammalian host's metabolism and are important determinants of human health. Here, we decipher the complex metabolic effects of microbial manipulation, by comparing germfree mice colonized by a human baby flora (HBF) or a normal flora to conventional mice. We perform parallel microbiological profiling, metabolic profiling by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance of liver, plasma, urine and ileal flushes, and targeted profiling of bile acids by ultra performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and short-chain fatty acids in cecum by GC-FID. Top-down multivariate analysis of metabolic profiles reveals a significant association of specific metabotypes with the resident microbiome. We derive a transgenomic graph model showing that HBF flora has a remarkably simple microbiome/metabolome correlation network, impacting directly on the host's ability to metabolize lipids: HBF mice present higher ileal concentrations of tauro-conjugated bile acids, reduced plasma levels of lipoproteins but higher hepatic triglyceride content associated with depletion of glutathione. These data indicate that the microbiome modulates absorption, storage and the energy harvest from the diet at the systems level.
全文鏈接：http://www.nature.com/msb/journal/v3/n1/full/msb4100153.html
