據(jù)英國媒體9月26日報道,，加拿大成癮與精神健康中心(CAMH)通過最新的基因研究結果顯示，戒煙藥物是否能夠幫助你成功戒煙,，很可能取決于個人的基因。
這項最新的研究發(fā)表在9月的《生物精神病學》雜志上，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)這種促進戒煙藥物安非他酮(bupropion)和尼古丁新陳代謝的酶,，在所有的種族和戒煙的影響因素中具有高度的可變性。而這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是向個人基于其獨特的基因組成適應戒煙治療邁向了新的一步,。
加拿大成癮與精神健康中心遺傳藥理學組長雷切爾·汀代爾說：“這項研究確定了一種很普遍的遺傳變異(目前世界各地25%至50%的人),，這似乎會影響戒煙治療的結果。”汀代爾和同事對cyp2b6基因類型的吸煙者進行了試驗,，cyp2b6基因是非?？勺兊模鼈兊拿复龠M安非他酮,，尼古丁和血清素新陳代謝,。受試者隨后被提供安慰劑或安非他酮治療10周，隨訪6個月,。
該研究項目由加拿大衛(wèi)生研究所和國家衛(wèi)生研究所支持,，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，45%有特殊基因的人對安非他酮治療從中受益,，并且戒掉煙癮維持得時間較長,，而安慰劑在這些人身上并不奏效。相比之下,，55%具有不同的變異基因(野生型變異體)的人,，安慰劑有助于他們戒掉煙癮，而安非他酮對他們一點用處都沒有。值得注意的是,，這個小組的成員能夠在沒有任何積極藥物(安慰劑)的輔助下完全地戒掉煙癮,。
究竟是哪些人屬于可以成功戒煙的這一組呢？先前的研究顯示,，45%的白人和50%的非洲人具有cyp2b6基因的變體形式,。汀代爾博士說：“目前的項研究只對具有歐洲血統(tǒng)的人進行試驗。”
研究者已對非裔美國吸煙者開始了類似的研究,。他們推測,，cyp2b6基因的變體形式會影響安非他酮的療效，和這些采取與歐洲人同樣的方式來戒煙的非裔美國人的戒煙效果,。(新浪健康)
原始出處:
Biological Psychiatry
Genetic Variation Affects Smoking Cessation Treatment
19 September 2007
A new study being published in the September 15th issue of Biological Psychiatry reports that genetic variation in a particular enzyme affects the success rates of treatment with bupropion, an anti-smoking drug.
Philadelphia, PA, September 20, 2007 – Mark Twain boasted that it was easy to quit smoking because he did it every day. We now may have the beginnings of understanding why some people find it so difficult to stop smoking even when they are in treatment for this problem. According to statistics provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, and it is the second major cause of death in the world according to the World Health Organization (WHO). An estimated 20.9% of all US adults smoke, and even with a strong desire to quit, most find it exceptionally difficult. A new study being published in the September 15th issue of Biological Psychiatry reports that genetic variation in a particular enzyme affects the success rates of treatment with bupropion, an anti-smoking drug.
Lee and colleagues performed CYP2B6 genotyping on smoking individuals, a gene that is known to be highly variable and whose enzyme metabolizes both bupropion and nicotine. Participants were then provided with either placebo or bupropion treatment for ten weeks. The authors discovered that individuals with the CYP2B6*6 allele of the gene benefited from bupropion treatment and maintained abstinence longer while doing poorly on placebo, with a 32.5% abstinent rate vs. 14.3%, respectively. In contrast, those in the CYP2B6*1 group did well on both bupropion and placebo, with similar abstinence rates at the end of treatment and after a six month follow-up.
Rachel Tyndale, M.Sc., Ph.D., one of the authors on this study, comments, "This first study, while requiring replication, identifies a very common genetic variant that appears to affect smoking cessation treatment outcome." This variant is present in 25-50% of people, thus affecting a large portion of the population.
John H. Krystal, M.D., Editor of Biological Psychiatry and affiliated with both Yale University School of Medicine and the VA Connecticut Healthcare System, adds his thoughts about this exciting new data: "We look forward to the era of personalized medicine, when doctors are able to use genetic information about their patients to guide treatment. We are not ready to use this information in clinical practice, but this study provides us with a good example of the type of information that might, some day, guide the treatment for smoking."
