近日,，《公共科學(xué)圖書館—綜合》（PLoS One）刊登了中國(guó)科學(xué)院水生生物研究所魚類基因工程學(xué)科組的研究論文（Defining Global Gene Expression Changes of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Female sGnRH Antisense Transgenic Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)）。該文報(bào)道了該學(xué)科組關(guān)于魚類生殖發(fā)育調(diào)控機(jī)制研究的新進(jìn)展,。
“下丘腦-垂體-性腺（HPG）軸”在魚類生殖發(fā)育和調(diào)控的過程中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用,。該學(xué)科組采用反義轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù),，通過特異阻遏鯉魚GnRH基因的表達(dá)，成功研制出性腺發(fā)育被抑制的轉(zhuǎn)基因鯉魚（Aquaculture, 2007, 271：498–506）,。性腺敗育的轉(zhuǎn)基因鯉魚的獲得,，對(duì)于建立具有普遍意義的轉(zhuǎn)基因魚育性控制策略，從根本上解決人們對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因魚可能的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的擔(dān)憂具有重要意義,；而且,，GnRH基因的表達(dá)被抑制后，從源頭上破壞了魚類生殖發(fā)育調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)的平衡,，導(dǎo)致HPG軸的生殖相關(guān)信號(hào)因子發(fā)生改變,，從而為開展魚類生殖發(fā)育的調(diào)控機(jī)制研究提供了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的模型。
在朱作言院士和胡煒研究員的指導(dǎo)下,，博士研究生徐婧等利用抑制性差減雜交與基因芯片等技術(shù),，獲得了轉(zhuǎn)反義sGnRH基因鯉魚及其對(duì)照鯉魚HPG軸的差異表達(dá)基因譜，在轉(zhuǎn)反義sGnRH基因鯉魚下丘腦,、垂體和性腺分離得到9,、28和212個(gè)與生殖發(fā)育相關(guān)的差異表達(dá)基因。對(duì)所獲得的差異表達(dá)基因進(jìn)一步分析,，發(fā)現(xiàn)上述基因涉及到組織生成,、代謝途徑、免疫系統(tǒng)與細(xì)胞凋亡等多種生物學(xué)功能,，而且反義sGnRH對(duì)于生殖發(fā)育的調(diào)控作用通過HPG軸級(jí)聯(lián)放大,。神經(jīng)肽、促性腺激素,、生長(zhǎng)激素,、卵子生成與免疫相關(guān)因子等與魚類生殖發(fā)育密切相關(guān)。
該研究獲得了魚類HPG軸及其調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)中與生殖發(fā)育相關(guān)的基因及調(diào)控因子的廣泛數(shù)據(jù),，為解析魚類生殖發(fā)育的調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)及其作用路徑,，進(jìn)而為揭示魚類生殖發(fā)育調(diào)控的機(jī)制提供了重要的科學(xué)資料。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
PLoS ONE DOI：10.1371/journal.pone.0021057
Defining Global Gene Expression Changes of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Female sGnRH-Antisense Transgenic Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
JJing Xu, Wei Huang, Chengrong Zhong, Daji Luo, Shuangfei Li, Zuoyan Zhu, Wei Hu
Background The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is critical in the development and regulation of reproduction in fish. The inhibition of neuropeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expression may diminish or severely hamper gonadal development due to it being the key regulator of the axis, and then provide a model for the comprehensive study of the expression patterns of genes with respect to the fish reproductive system. Methodology/Principal Findings In a previous study we injected 342 fertilized eggs from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with a gene construct that expressed antisense sGnRH. Four years later, we found a total of 38 transgenic fish with abnormal or missing gonads. From this group we selected the 12 sterile females with abnormal ovaries in which we combined suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA microarray analysis to define changes in gene expression of the HPG axis in the present study. As a result, nine, 28, and 212 genes were separately identified as being differentially expressed in hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary, of which 87 genes were novel. The number of down- and up-regulated genes was five and four (hypothalamus), 16 and 12 (pituitary), 119 and 93 (ovary), respectively. Functional analyses showed that these genes involved in several biological processes, such as biosynthesis, organogenesis, metabolism pathways, immune systems, transport links, and apoptosis. Within these categories, significant genes for neuropeptides, gonadotropins, metabolic, oogenesis and inflammatory factors were identified. Conclusions/Significance This study indicated the progressive scaling-up effect of hypothalamic sGnRH antisense on the pituitary and ovary receptors of female carp and provided comprehensive data with respect to global changes in gene expression throughout the HPG signaling pathway, contributing towards improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulative pathways in the reproductive system of teleost fish.
