德國(guó)呂貝克大學(xué)(University of Lubeck)的研究人員邀請(qǐng)74位受測(cè)者參加試驗(yàn),，讓他們進(jìn)行卡片配對(duì)試驗(yàn)，也就是將印有不同圖案的卡片在觀看一段時(shí)間后覆轉(zhuǎn),，再找出兩張相同卡片,。受試者在進(jìn)行游戲之后睡覺,，其中一組受測(cè)者在睡覺時(shí)在房?jī)?nèi)放出玫瑰花香,，睡醒后發(fā)現(xiàn)他們配對(duì)卡片的成功率較其它組別高,。此研究發(fā)表于3月份的Science期刊。
研究人員以功能性核磁共振攝影法(Functional magnetic resonance imaging,，fMRI)來觀測(cè)受測(cè)者腦波情況,，結(jié)果顯示在慢波睡眠期(slow-wave sleep，SWS)給予玫瑰香氣有助于明示記憶(declarative memory,，屬于短期記憶的一種)的強(qiáng)化,，在慢波睡眠期有聞到香氣的組別，其卡片配對(duì)成功率高達(dá)97.2%,，而沒有聞玫瑰香氣的組別,，卡片配對(duì)成功率只有85.8%。
研究人員也發(fā)現(xiàn)在不同的睡眠時(shí)期給予香氣也會(huì)有不同的效果,，例如：在快速動(dòng)眼期(rapid eye movement,，REM)給予香氣則沒有增強(qiáng)明示記憶的效果。Jan Born教授表示：從核磁共振攝影中能明顯看到,，當(dāng)玫瑰香氣飄散過來時(shí),，慢波睡眠期的海馬回區(qū)(hippocampus，即負(fù)責(zé)學(xué)習(xí)新事物的大腦區(qū)域)有顯著活動(dòng)的情形,。
(資料來源 : Bio.com)
部分英文原文：
Science 9 March 2007:
Vol. 315. no. 5817, pp. 1426 - 1429
DOI: 10.1126/science.1138581
Reports
Odor Cues During Slow-Wave Sleep Prompt Declarative Memory Consolidation
Björn Rasch,1* Christian Büchel,2 Steffen Gais,1 Jan Born1*
Sleep facilitates memory consolidation. A widely held model assumes that this is because newly encoded memories undergo covert reactivation during sleep. We cued new memories in humans during sleep by presenting an odor that had been presented as context during prior learning, and so showed that reactivation indeed causes memory consolidation during sleep. Re-exposure to the odor during slow-wave sleep (SWS) improved the retention of hippocampus-dependent declarative memories but not of hippocampus-independent procedural memories. Odor re-exposure was ineffective during rapid eye movement sleep or wakefulness or when the odor had been omitted during prior learning. Concurring with these findings, functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant hippocampal activation in response to odor re-exposure during SWS.
1 Department of Neuroendocrinology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160/23a, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
2 NeuroImage Nord, Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] (J.B.); [email protected] (B.R.)
