如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己需要重新閱讀這段內(nèi)容,，那么也許它寫得并不好；或者說,，你也許不能集中注意力和缺乏乙酰膽堿,。皮層感覺處理由選擇性注意力進(jìn)行重要的調(diào)制，但這種調(diào)制是怎樣調(diào)控的卻是一個長期未能解決的問題,。在用恒河猴進(jìn)行的訓(xùn)練讓猴子探測一個閃爍的物體而忽略附近另一個閃爍的物體的實(shí)驗(yàn)中,，向視覺皮層中施用神經(jīng)傳輸物質(zhì)乙酰膽堿，可增強(qiáng)猴子的表現(xiàn),。施用毒蕈堿（而不是尼古?。┺卓箘瑫a(chǎn)生相反的效應(yīng),。這表明,，該實(shí)驗(yàn)也許確定了讓我們能夠排除其他刺激、同時集中注意力于某一特定事項(xiàng)的大腦機(jī)制,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature 454, 1110-1114 (28 August 2008) | doi:10.1038/nature07141
Acetylcholine contributes through muscarinic receptors to attentional modulation in V1
J. L. Herrero1,3, M. J. Roberts1,3,4, L. S. Delicato1,3,4, M. A. Gieselmann1, P. Dayan2 & A. Thiele1
Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London, 17 Queens Square, London WCIN 3AR, UK
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Present addresses: F. C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands (M.J.R.); Department of Psychology, School of Business, Law & Psychology, University of Sunderland, Sunderland SR6 0DD, UK (L.S.D.).
Attention exerts a strong influence over neuronal processing in cortical areas1, 2. It selectively increases firing rates2, 3, 4 and affects tuning properties1, 5, including changing receptive field locations and sizes3, 6. Although these effects are well studied, their cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. To study the cellular mechanisms, we combined iontophoretic pharmacological analysis of cholinergic receptors with single cell recordings in V1 while rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta) performed a task that demanded top-down spatial attention. Attending to the receptive field of the V1 neuron under study caused an increase in firing rates. Here we show that this attentional modulation was enhanced by low doses of acetylcholine. Furthermore, applying the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine reduced attentional modulation, whereas the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine had no systematic effect. These results demonstrate that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms play a central part in mediating the effects of attention in V1.
