美國貝勒醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),15號染色體上遺傳物質(zhì)刪除導(dǎo)致的基因缺失與顯著的學(xué)習(xí)和行為異常有關(guān)。這項研究結(jié)果發(fā)布在《自然—遺傳學(xué)》(Nature Genetics)的在線版本上。
Arthur L. Beaudet博士認為,,在行為異常的人中,能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)染色體上特定基因的缺失,比如精神分裂癥患者,。相關(guān)基因在精神分裂癥中的角色科學(xué)家已經(jīng)研究了一段時間。
據(jù)先前的報道,,那些出現(xiàn)大量片段刪除的個體表現(xiàn)出相同的紊亂,,這些片段包含更多基因。在這項研究中,,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)小規(guī)模遺傳材料的缺失,,即基因CHRNA7和其他基因的一部分,在4個家族的10個成員中出現(xiàn)了類似的狀況,。
該基因能編碼煙堿受體的亞單元,,Beaudet介紹說,其能調(diào)節(jié)機體對尼古丁的應(yīng)答,。該基因編碼的蛋白質(zhì)是一個離子通道,,該通道允許離子出入神經(jīng)元。離子通道的缺失會導(dǎo)致癲癇或突發(fā)神經(jīng)失調(diào),。
尼古丁受體表達不充分,,會導(dǎo)致15號染色體上特定區(qū)域缺失而產(chǎn)生的大部分甚至全部的問題。這為新藥研發(fā)提供了一個靶標,,其中文章中提到的一種藥物就是Chantix,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Nature Genetics 8 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/ng.481
A small recurrent deletion within 15q13.3 is associated with a range of neurodevelopmental phenotypes
Marwan Shinawi1, Christian P Schaaf1, Samarth S Bhatt1, Zhilian Xia1, Ankita Patel1, Sau Wai Cheung1, Brendan Lanpher2, Sandra Nagl3, Heinrich Stephan Herding4, Claudia Nevinny-Stickel3, LaDonna L Immken5, Gayle Simpson Patel5, Jennifer Ruth German1, Arthur L Beaudet1 & Pawel Stankiewicz1,6
We report a recurrent 680-kb deletion within chromosome 15q13.3 in ten individuals, from four unrelated families, with neurodevelopmental phenotypes including developmental delay, mental retardation and seizures. This deletion likely resulted from nonallelic homologous recombination between low-copy repeats on the normal and inverted region of chromosome 15q13.3. Although this deletion also affects OTUD7A, accumulated data suggest that haploinsufficiency of CHRNA7 is causative for the majority of neurodevelopmental phenotypes in the 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome.
1 Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
2 Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
3 Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Humane Genetik, Munich, Germany.
4 Praxis für Kinde und Jugendmedizin, Meldorf, Germany.
5 Clinical Genetics, Specially for Children, Austin, Texas, USA.
6 Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.