6月11日，長(zhǎng)沙中南大學(xué)湘雅二醫(yī)院發(fā)布新聞稿稱(chēng),，該院在國(guó)際上首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了慢性氯胺酮(俗稱(chēng)K粉)成癮者的腦結(jié)構(gòu)損害,。此研究為揭示K粉成癮病理機(jī)制提供了寶貴線索，將為K粉成癮的治療開(kāi)辟新的途徑,。
據(jù)介紹,，該院精神衛(wèi)生研究所研究人員采用最新腦影像學(xué)技術(shù)，對(duì)慢性K粉成癮者進(jìn)行了腦結(jié)構(gòu)和腦功能活動(dòng)改變研究,，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)了K粉成癮者前額葉腦白質(zhì),、腦灰質(zhì)的損害,，其結(jié)構(gòu)損害與精神分裂癥患者的腦結(jié)構(gòu)損害極為相似。
英國(guó)皇家醫(yī)學(xué)院院士Trevor Robbins教授,、劍橋大學(xué)Paul Fletcher教授等人對(duì)此研究給予了高度評(píng)價(jià),，認(rèn)為其“在國(guó)際上首次對(duì)氯胺酮依賴者進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的腦結(jié)構(gòu)和腦功能活動(dòng)研究，具有開(kāi)創(chuàng)性意義”,。
據(jù)悉,，該院關(guān)于腦白質(zhì)改變的研究論文已于6月2日在神經(jīng)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的國(guó)際頂尖雜志之一Brain(IF：9.603 最新影響因子查詢)發(fā)表；關(guān)于腦灰質(zhì)改變的研究論文已獲邀參加即將在英國(guó)舉辦的British Association for Psychopharmacology (BAP)會(huì)議,，并做專(zhuān)題發(fā)言和壁報(bào)交流,。
過(guò)去十年間，氯胺酮作為娛樂(lè)性成癮物質(zhì)的使用率迅速增加,，已成為青少年群體中最為常用的新型毒品之一,，嚴(yán)重危害青少年的身心健康。K粉成癮者腦結(jié)構(gòu)損害的發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能給K粉成癮者的治療帶來(lái)福音,。(生物谷Bioon.net)
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Brain doi:10.1093/brain/awq131
Frontal white matter abnormalities following chronic ketamine use: a diffusion tensor imaging study
Yanhui Liao1,*, Jinsong Tang1,*, Mingdong Ma2, Zhimei Wu3, Mei Yang3, Xuyi Wang1, Tieqiao Liu1, Xiaogang Chen1, Paul C. Fletcher4 and Wei Hao1
1 Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin (M) Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China 2 Kangda Voluntary Drug Rehabilitation Centre, 280 Chengnan Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People's Republic of China 3 Department of Addiction Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, 94 Chiling Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China 4 University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road,Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
Ketamine abuse has been shown to have a deleterious impact on brain function. However, the precise mechanisms of ketamine dependence-induced pathological change remain poorly understood. Although there is evidence for white matter changes in drug abuse, the presence of white matter abnormalities in chronic ketamine users has not been studied. White matter volumes were measured using in vivo diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging data in 41 ketamine-dependent subjects and 44 drug-free healthy volunteers. White matter changes associated with chronic ketamine use were found in bilateral frontal and left temporoparietal cortices. There was also evidence that frontal white matter fractional anisotropy correlated with the severity of drug use (as measured by estimated total ketamine consumption). We provide direct evidence for dose-dependent abnormalities of white matter in bilateral frontal and left temporoparietal regions following chronic ketamine use. The findings suggest a microstructural basis for the changes in cognition and experience observed with prolonged ketamine use. Moreover, the similarities of these changes to those observed in chronic schizophrenia have implications for the glutamate model of this illness.
