當(dāng)人們聞到兒時在廚房中聞到的氣味,，在老照片中看到朋友或家人,，觸摸到一件穿破的法蘭絨襯衫…所有這些感官經(jīng)歷都可強(qiáng)有力地喚起人們的記憶。 正如一項(xiàng)新的研究所顯示的,，之所以會發(fā)生這種情況是因?yàn)楫?dāng)腦子儲存情感記憶的時候,，感官信息是與情感信息緊密捆綁在一起的。 我們腦子中的接受來自我們眼睛,、鼻子和皮膚的信號的區(qū)域在處理這一輸入時被分隔為扮演不同角色的細(xì)小的分部,。 通過訓(xùn)練大鼠將不同音調(diào)的聲音、閃光或醋的氣味與接受電擊的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián)，Tiziana Sacco 和 Benedetto Sacchetti確認(rèn),，巴甫洛夫恐懼記憶是分別儲存在次級聽覺,、視覺和嗅覺皮層中的。 在這些腦區(qū)域制造損傷看來能夠破壞已經(jīng)成立的記憶,，但它不會阻止新的記憶的形成,，提示次級感覺皮層對儲存情感記憶是至關(guān)重要的。
文章的作者提出,，當(dāng)感覺刺激通過次級感覺皮層與記憶交織在一起的時候，與某種懷有高度情感的處境相關(guān)聯(lián)的視覺,、聲音和氣味會承擔(dān)該處境的情感特質(zhì),。 文章的作者寫道：“這些皮層之間的聯(lián)系接著可提供一種在記憶回顧的時候?qū)θ壳楦薪?jīng)歷的整合的觀點(diǎn)。” （生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1183165
Role of Secondary Sensory Cortices in Emotional Memory Storage and Retrieval in Rats
Tiziana Sacco1 and Benedetto Sacchetti1,2,*
Visual, acoustic, and olfactory stimuli associated with a highly charged emotional situation take on the affective qualities of that situation. Where the emotional meaning of a given sensory experience is stored is a matter of debate. We found that excitotoxic lesions of auditory, visual, or olfactory secondary sensory cortices impaired remote, but not recent, fear memories in rats. Amnesia was modality-specific and not due to an interference with sensory or emotional processes. In these sites, memory persistence was dependent on ongoing protein kinase M activity and was associated with an increased activity of layers II–IV, thus suggesting a synaptic strengthening of corticocortical connections. Lesions of the same areas left intact the memory of sensory stimuli not associated with any emotional charge. We propose that secondary sensory cortices support memory storage and retrieval of sensory stimuli that have acquired a behavioral salience with the experience.
1 Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
2 National Institute of Neuroscience, I-10125 Turin, Italy
