科學(xué)家開發(fā)了一種技術(shù),，它可能有能力預(yù)測(cè)注射一份H5N1禽流感疫苗之后是否可以保護(hù)人群不受這種迅速變化的病毒的感染。
如果出現(xiàn)禽流感大規(guī)模感染,，需要迅速加以應(yīng)對(duì),，這項(xiàng)研究可能導(dǎo)致一種更迅速的發(fā)現(xiàn)和生產(chǎn)正確的疫苗的方式。Rino Rappuoli及其同事測(cè)量了在連續(xù)注射3份疫苗之后的1年中免疫細(xì)胞對(duì)禽流感疫苗的應(yīng)答特征,。他們對(duì)兩種疫苗進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,，一種僅僅是用該病毒抗原制成的,，而另一種有同樣數(shù)量的抗原和一種佐劑，這讓它們更容易被免疫系統(tǒng)探測(cè)到,。加入佐劑的疫苗產(chǎn)生了更強(qiáng)的免疫應(yīng)答,。這組作者發(fā)現(xiàn)專門記憶流感病毒的T細(xì)胞數(shù)量增加到原來的3倍可以最好地預(yù)測(cè)6個(gè)月后人們是否獲得了適當(dāng)?shù)拿庖摺?/p>
這組作者說，由于目前的臨床試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ匠３Ｐ枰?年或者更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能測(cè)量一個(gè)人對(duì)疫苗的免疫記憶,，監(jiān)測(cè)這種免疫應(yīng)答可以讓疫苗開發(fā)者擁有更快更好的方法去評(píng)估未來的禽流感疫苗的活性和有效性,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS February 23, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0813390106
Adjuvanted H5N1 vaccine induces early CD4+ T cell response that predicts long-term persistence of protective antibody levels
Grazia Gallia,1, Duccio Medinia,1, Erica Borgognia, Luisanna Zeddaa, Monia Bardellia, Carmine Malzonea, Sandra Nutia, Simona Tavarinia, Chiara Sammichelia, Anne K. Hilbertb, Volker Brauerc, Angelika Banzhoffc, Rino Rappuolia,2, Giuseppe Del Giudicea and Flora Castellinoa,2
aResearch Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1, Siena 53100, Italy; and
bClinical Serology Department and
cDevelopment Department, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Emil-von-Behring-Strasse 76, Marburg, 35041, Germany
1G.G. and D.M. contributed equally to this work.
Contributed by Rino Rappuoli, December 31, 2008 (sent for review December 9, 2008)
Abstract
Immune responses to vaccination are tested in clinical trials. This process usually requires years especially when immune memory and persistence are analyzed. Markers able to quickly predict the immune response would be very useful, particularly when dealing with emerging diseases that require a rapid response, such as avian influenza. To address this question we vaccinated healthy adults at days 1, 22, and 202 with plain or MF59-adjuvanted H5N1 subunit vaccines and tested both cell-mediated and antibody responses up to day 382. Only the MF59-H5N1 vaccine induced high titers of neutralizing antibodies, a large pool of memory H5N1-specific B lymphocytes, and H5-CD4+ T cells broadly reactive with drifted H5. The CD4+ response was dominated by IL-2+ IFN-γ− IL-13− T cells. Remarkably, a 3-fold increase in the frequency of virus-specific total CD4+ T cells, measurable after 1 dose, accurately predicted the rise of neutralizing antibodies after booster immunization and their maintenance 6 months later. We suggest that CD4+ T cell priming might be used as an early predictor of the immunogenicity of prepandemic vaccines.
