自然殺手（NK）細(xì)胞是先天免疫細(xì)胞,，通過產(chǎn)生Th1-型細(xì)胞因子對病毒和細(xì)菌感染做出反應(yīng),。Moro等人報(bào)告，他們在腸系膜淋巴結(jié)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)生TH2、作為B1細(xì)胞的幫手發(fā)揮作用的先天淋巴細(xì)胞的一個(gè)以前未被識別出的亞類。這些自然幫手細(xì)胞也許在通過杯狀細(xì)胞激發(fā)粘液的產(chǎn)生來防范寄生蟲中扮演一個(gè)角色,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature 463, 540-544 (28 January 2010) | doi:10.1038/nature08636
Innate production of TH2 cytokines by adipose tissue-associated c-Kit+Sca-1+ lymphoid cells
Kazuyo Moro1,4, Taketo Yamada2, Masanobu Tanabe3, Tsutomu Takeuchi3, Tomokatsu Ikawa5, Hiroshi Kawamoto5, Jun-ichi Furusawa1, Masashi Ohtani1,6, Hideki Fujii1 & Shigeo Koyasu1,7
1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
2 Department of Pathology,
3 Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
4 Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), CREST, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
5 Laboratory for Lymphocyte Development, Riken Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
6 Department of Cell Signalling, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan
7 Research Center for Science Systems, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8472, Japan
8 Correspondence to: Shigeo Koyasu1,7 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to S.K.
Innate immune responses are important in combating various microbes during the early phases of infection. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that, unlike T and B lymphocytes, do not express antigen receptors but rapidly exhibit cytotoxic activities against virus-infected cells and produce various cytokines1, 2. Here we report a new type of innate lymphocyte present in a novel lymphoid structure associated with adipose tissues in the peritoneal cavity. These cells do not express lineage (Lin) markers but do express c-Kit, Sca-1 (also known as Ly6a), IL7R and IL33R. Similar lymphoid clusters were found in both human and mouse mesentery and we term this tissue ‘FALC’ (fat-associated lymphoid cluster). FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells are distinct from lymphoid progenitors3 and lymphoid tissue inducer cells4. These cells proliferate in response to IL2 and produce large amounts of TH2 cytokines such as IL5, IL6 and IL13. IL5 and IL6 regulate B-cell antibody production and self-renewal of B1 cells5, 6, 7. Indeed, FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells support the self-renewal of B1 cells and enhance IgA production. IL5 and IL13 mediate allergic inflammation and protection against helminth infection8, 9. After helminth infection and in response to IL33, FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells produce large amounts of IL13, which leads to goblet cell hyperplasia—a critical step for helminth expulsion. In mice devoid of FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells, such goblet cell hyperplasia was not induced. Thus, FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells are TH2-type innate lymphocytes, and we propose that these cells be called ‘natural helper cells’.
