日本筑波大學(xué)免疫學(xué)教授澀谷彰在6日的《自然·免疫學(xué)》雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上發(fā)表文章說,，他率領(lǐng)的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了能夠抑制花粉癥、哮喘以及特應(yīng)性皮炎等過敏反應(yīng)的分子,。澀谷彰指出：“如果能夠開發(fā)出加強(qiáng)這一分子活動(dòng)的藥物,，將有望徹底根治過敏癥。”
澀谷彰說,，花粉和蜱等致敏原侵入人體后,，與某種抗體結(jié)成一體，而一旦與肥大細(xì)胞結(jié)合,，肥大細(xì)胞就會(huì)釋放出可引起炎癥的化學(xué)物質(zhì),，從而使機(jī)體出現(xiàn)過敏癥狀。他認(rèn)為,，具有特定氨基酸排列的分子應(yīng)該能夠遏制肥大細(xì)胞的活性化,。根據(jù)這一思路，研究人員在人體肥大細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞膜上找到了這種分子,，激活這種分子后，從肥大細(xì)胞釋放出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)減少了大約一半,。
隨后,，研究人員通過基因操作制造出不含有這種分子的試驗(yàn)鼠，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，與其他實(shí)驗(yàn)老鼠相比,，這種試驗(yàn)鼠在接觸致敏原后更易出現(xiàn)過敏反應(yīng)。
澀谷彰說,，在過敏癥發(fā)病機(jī)制方面,，老鼠和人基本相同，他希望這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于開發(fā)出治療過敏的新藥,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Nature Immunology doi:10.1038/ni.1886
An immunoglobulin-like receptor, Allergin-1, inhibits immunoglobulin E–mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions
Kaori Hitomi,Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka,Satoru Someya,Akira Fujiki,Hideaki Tada,Tetsuya Sugiyama,Shiro Shibayama,Kazuko Shibuya& Akira Shibuya
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening immediate hypersensitivity reaction triggered by antigen capture by immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells. However, the regulatory mechanism of mast cell activation is not completely understood. Here we identify an immunoglobulin-like receptor, Allergin-1, that contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-like domain, and show it was preferentially expressed on mast cells. Mouse Allergin-1 recruited the tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 and the inositol phosphatase SHIP. Coligation of Allergin-1 and FcεRI suppressed IgE-mediated degranulation of bone marrow–derived cultured mast cells. Moreover, mice deficient in Allergin-1 developed enhanced passive systemic and cutaneous anaphylaxis. Thus, Allergin-1 suppresses IgE-mediated, mast cell–dependent anaphylaxis in mice.
