塵螨是導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)室內(nèi)過(guò)敏的最主要過(guò)敏原來(lái)源,。目前過(guò)敏治療的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法是脫敏治療（多次微量注射過(guò)敏原于過(guò)敏病人）,，因此,，高純度過(guò)敏原的獲得及其基本生化特征的認(rèn)知是決定脫敏治療效果和副作用強(qiáng)弱的關(guān)鍵,。目前在塵螨過(guò)敏脫敏治療過(guò)程中使用的過(guò)敏原還有相當(dāng)大的比例是塵螨提取物,。這些提取物是含有多種過(guò)敏原和其他雜質(zhì)的混合物,，其治療效果欠佳,，且可能產(chǎn)生副作用。因此,，單一成分過(guò)敏原是新一代脫敏治療候選藥物的基本要求,。粉塵螨（Dermatophagoides farinae）中估計(jì)含有至少30種以上的過(guò)敏原，而實(shí)際報(bào)道的過(guò)敏原只有14種,。
中國(guó)科學(xué)院昆明動(dòng)物研究所賴仞研究員領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的課題組與深圳大學(xué),、昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院等單位合作，采用蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)結(jié)合藥理學(xué)等手段從粉塵螨中識(shí)別了8種新過(guò)敏原,。這些過(guò)敏原的識(shí)別進(jìn)一步認(rèn)識(shí)了粉塵螨過(guò)敏的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和作用機(jī)制,，并為診斷和治療這類(lèi)過(guò)敏提供了重要依據(jù)，也為開(kāi)發(fā)脫敏治療藥物打下了重要基礎(chǔ),。
該研究工作發(fā)表在Mol. Cell. Proteomics上,。（Dermatophagoides farinae allergens diversity identification by proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Mar 12. [Epub ahead of print]）。
該項(xiàng)目得到了國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金委和科技部973項(xiàng)目的支持,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1074/mcp.M112.027136
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Dermatophagoides farinae allergens diversity identification by proteomics
Su An1, Lingling Chen2, Chengbo Long1, Xiaoyu Liu3, Xuemei Xu4, Xingre Lu5, Mingqiang Rong1, Zhigang Liu3 and Ren Lai1,*
The most important indoor allergens for humans are house dust mites (HDM). Fourteen Dermatophagoides farinae allergens (Der f 1-3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 13-18, and 22) are reported although more than 30 allergens have been estimated in D. farinae. Seventeen allergens belonging to 12 different groups were identified by a procedure of proteomics combined with two-dimensional immunoblotting from D. farina extracts. Their sequences were determined by Edman degradation, mass spectrometry analysis and cDNA cloning. Their allergenicities were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition tests, immunoblots, basophil activation test and skin prick tests. Eight of them are the first report as D. farinae allergens. The procedure of proteomic approach combined with purely discovery approach using sera of patients with broad IgE reactivity profiles to mite allergens was an effective method to investigate more complete repertoire of D. farinae allergens. The identification of eight new D. farinae allergens will be helpful for HDM allergy diagnosis and therapy, especially for patients without response for HDM major allergens. In addition, the current work significantly extended repertoire of D. farinae allergens.
