生物工程學(xué)報 Chin J Biotech 2008, March 25; 24(3): 341-348
journals.im.ac.cn Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ISSN 1000-3061
[email protected] . 2008 Institute of Microbiology, CAS & CSM, All rights reserved
綜 述
宋東輝1, 侯李君1, 施定基1,2
1 天津科技大學(xué)海洋科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院藻類生物技術(shù)研究室, 天津 300457
2 中國科學(xué)院植物研究所, 北京 100093
摘 要: 生物柴油作為化石能源的替代燃料已在國際上得到廣泛應(yīng)用,。至今生物柴油的原料主要來自油料植物, 但與農(nóng)作物爭地的情況以及較高的原料成本限制了生物柴油的進(jìn)一步推廣。微藻作為高光合生物有其特殊的原料成本優(yōu)勢, 微藻的脂類含量最高可達(dá)細(xì)胞干重的80%,。利用生物技術(shù)改良微藻, 獲得的高油脂基因工程微藻經(jīng)規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖, 可大大降低生物柴油原料成本,。介紹了國內(nèi)外生物柴油的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀, 闡述了微藻作為生物柴油原料的優(yōu)勢, 對基因工程技術(shù)調(diào)控微藻脂類代謝途徑的研究進(jìn)展, 以及在構(gòu)建工程微藻中面臨的問題和應(yīng)采取的對策進(jìn)行了綜述和展望。
關(guān)鍵詞: 基因工程, 微藻, 油料植物, 生物柴油
Exploitation and Utilization of Rich Lipids-microalgae, as New Lipids Feedstock for Biodiesel Production–a review
Donghui Song1, Lijun Hou1, and Dingji Shi1,2
1 Laboratory of Cyanobacterial and Algal Biotechnology, College of Marine Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology,Tianjin 300457, China
2 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Abstract: As a renewable energy sources to replace conventional fossil fuels, biodiesel fuels have been becoming increasingly requirements to global fuels market. Biodiesel derived from oil crops cannot realistically satisfy even more fraction of the raw material existing costs and soil competitive demand for its growth. Microalgae appear to be the advantage of costs that is capable of higher photosynthetic efficiency, larger biomass, faster growth compared to those of oil crops. Lipid content of many microalgae is usually 80% of its dry weight. Genetic microalgae with high-oil productivity by genetic manipulations are capable of making microalgal biodiesel economically competitive with petrodiesel through large-scale production of genetic microalgal biomass. As demonstrated here, the use of biodiesel fuels in home and abroad are currently introduced, and the cost advantage of microalgae as the raw material is analyzed; And moreover, the progress of microalgal genetic engineering in regulation of lipid metabolism and the problems in the
construct of genetic microalgae strains as well as approaches for making microalgal biodiesel appear to be an important source of renewable fuel that has the potential to completely displace fossil diesel are discussed in this review.
Keywords: genetic engineering, microalgae, oil crops, biodiesel
342 ISSN1000-3061 CN11-1998/Q Chin J Biotech March 25, 2008 Vol.24 No.3
Journals.im.ac.cn
隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的不斷發(fā)展, 石油作為戰(zhàn)略資源已成為世界各國能源經(jīng)濟(jì)的最主要內(nèi)容,。我國目前是世界上第二大能源生產(chǎn)和消費國, 石油供給不足已經(jīng)成為影響我國經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展的主要矛盾之一,。發(fā)展替代能源是保障能源安全的重大戰(zhàn)略舉措。近年來生物柴油作為化石能源的替代燃料,已成為國際上發(fā)展最快,、應(yīng)用最廣的環(huán)?？稍偕茉础１疚慕Y(jié)合國內(nèi)外生物柴油的研究進(jìn)展, 綜述微藻基因工程制備生物柴油的可行性和發(fā)展趨勢, 以及我國在利用微藻基因工程解決生物柴油原料成本問題上的可能對策,。
Received: July 23, 2007; Accepted: September 5, 2007
Supported by: the National Science Foundation of China(No. 30670493), Tianjin Key Projects of Science and Technology(No. 04318271), Tianjin
Science and Technology Developmental Funds of Universities and Colleges(No. 20060724)and Exceptional Talented Persons Initial Funds of TUST
(No. 20060411)
Corresponding author: Dingji Shi. Tel: +86-22-60601116; Fax: +86-22-60600358; E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
國家自然科學(xué)基金 (No. 30670493), 天津市科技攻關(guān)重點項目 (No. 04318271), 天津市高等學(xué)?？萍及l(fā)展基金計劃項目 (No. 20060724)和天
津科技大學(xué)人才引進(jìn)啟動基金 (No. 20060411)資助。
全文下載：生物柴油原料資源高油脂微藻的開發(fā)利用
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