應(yīng)用骨髓間充質(zhì)干細胞治療自身免疫性重癥肌無力研究在哈爾濱醫(yī)科大學(xué)取得新突破，為重癥肌無力患者的臨床治療提供了實驗基礎(chǔ)和理論依據(jù),。這一最新研究成果近期發(fā)表于德國國際期刊《歐洲免疫學(xué)》,、美國國際期刊《神經(jīng)免疫學(xué)》和英國國際期刊《免疫學(xué)》上,。

重癥肌無力是神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)自身免疫性疾病，也是臨床的難治性疾病之一,，迄今尚無有效,、特異的治愈手段。以往較為公認的重癥肌無力發(fā)病機制與Th1和Th2輔助性T細胞功能失衡有關(guān),。哈爾濱醫(yī)科大學(xué)神經(jīng)生物學(xué)教研室主任李呼倫教授帶領(lǐng)的科研小組,，在實驗性自身免疫性重癥肌無力的科研工作中，首次提出并證實Th1,、Th2,、Treg、Th17四種CD4+輔助性T細胞的功能失衡是重癥肌無力發(fā)病的重要因素,，并以此為理論依據(jù),，以骨髓間充質(zhì)干細胞移植治療作為手段進行了嘗試性治療。

該課題組以人類重癥肌無力的大鼠實驗動物模型作為研究對象,，通過尾靜脈大劑量回輸骨髓間充質(zhì)干細胞,，并對實驗動物進行臨床癥狀評定，發(fā)現(xiàn)和證實了重癥肌無力的發(fā)生,、發(fā)展與四種細胞亞群格局的改變有關(guān),。

據(jù)李呼倫教授介紹,，骨髓間充質(zhì)干細胞不僅僅具有組織修復(fù)功能，同時由于其具有旁分泌細胞因子效應(yīng),，因此可以應(yīng)用于自身免疫性疾病等免疫系統(tǒng)紊亂性疾病的治療中去,，并且由于其可以來自于自體，避免了移植排斥和倫理道德等問題,，不僅為人類干細胞移植治療自身免疫性重癥肌無力提供了一個很好的治療手段,，同時為其他自身免疫性疾病的治療提供了新思路。(生物谷Bioon.com)

生物谷推薦原文出處：

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience  doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2009.10.013

In vitro differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells into neurons and glial cells and differential protein expression in a two-compartment bone marrow stromal cell/neuron co-culture system
Xu Qia, Ming Shaob, , , Haisheng Pengc, Zhenggang Bib, Zhiqiang Sua and Hulun Lid

a Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
b Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
c Department of Pharmacy, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
d Department of Bio-neurology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

This study was performed to establish a bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC)/neuron two-compartment co-culture model in which differentiation of BMSCs into neurons could occur without direct contact between the two cell types, and to investigate protein expression changes during differentiation of this entirely BMSC-derived population. Cultured BMSCs isolated from Wistar rats were divided into three groups: BMSC culture, BMSC/neuron co-culture and BMSC/neuron two-compartment co-culture. Cells were examined for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. The electrophysiological behavior of the BMSCs was examined using patch clamping. Proteins that had significantly different expression levels in BMSCs cultured alone and co-cultured with neurons were studied using a protein chip–mass spectroscopy technique. Expression of NSE and GFAP were significantly higher in co-culture cells than in two-compartment co-culture cells, and significantly higher in both co-culture groups than in BMSCs cultured alone. Five proteins showed significant changes in expression during differentiation: TIP39_RAT and CALC_RAT underwent increases, and INSL6_RAT, PNOC_RAT and PCSK1_RAT underwent decreases in expression. We conclude that BMSCs can differentiate into neurons during both contact co-culture with neurons and two-compartment co-culture with neurons. The rate at which BMSCs differentiated into neurons was higher in contact co-culture than in non-contact co-culture.