2010年6月8日,北京生命科學(xué)研究所王曉晨實(shí)驗(yàn)室在Nature Cell Biology雜志在線發(fā)表題為的研究論文,,首次報(bào)道了在秀麗線蟲凋亡細(xì)胞的清除過程中,,橋聯(lián)分子(bridging molecule)的存在及其介導(dǎo)吞噬細(xì)胞識(shí)別凋亡細(xì)胞的作用機(jī)制。
在線蟲中凋亡細(xì)胞的清除是由兩條相對(duì)冗余的信號(hào)通路調(diào)控的,,在一條通路上CED-2/CrkII, CED-5/DOCK180,和CED-2/ELMO 調(diào)節(jié)小G蛋白(small GTPase)CED-10/Rac1的激活,,引起吞噬凋亡細(xì)胞所需的細(xì)胞骨架的變化;另一條通路上CED-1,,CED-6,,和CED-7識(shí)別和轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)某些特定的吞噬信號(hào)("eat-me" signals),但這些吞噬信號(hào)是如何被識(shí)別和轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)的尚不清楚,。
本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)線蟲的一個(gè)編碼類轉(zhuǎn)甲狀腺素蛋白(Transthyretin-like Protein)的基因ttr-52在凋亡細(xì)胞清除過程中起作用,。在ttr-52突變體sm211中,無論是在胚胎期還是L1幼蟲期未被清除的凋亡細(xì)胞的數(shù)目都比野生型有顯著增加,;通過四維時(shí)間追蹤(time lapse)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明,,這個(gè)數(shù)目的增加是由于凋亡細(xì)胞未被及時(shí)清除所引起的。遺傳學(xué)分析證明,,TTR-52屬于CED-1/CED-6/CED-7信號(hào)通路,并影響吞噬細(xì)胞受體蛋白CED-1在凋亡細(xì)胞表面的聚集,。TTR-52是由內(nèi)胚層產(chǎn)生的分泌蛋白,能特異性的識(shí)別凋亡細(xì)胞表面的磷脂酰絲氨酸(phosphatidylserine),,并可以結(jié)合CED-1的胞外區(qū),。因此,TTR-52是一個(gè)橋聯(lián)分子,,通過結(jié)合凋亡細(xì)胞表面的磷脂酰絲氨酸和吞噬細(xì)胞表面的受體CED-1,,將二者聯(lián)系起來,從而介導(dǎo)凋亡細(xì)胞的清除,。
王曉晨是本文的第一作者,,本所的李維達(dá),趙東風(fēng),,劉斌,,和科羅拉多大學(xué)的 Yong Shi為共同第二作者,其他作者有本所的陳寶惠,,郭鵬飛,,科羅拉多大學(xué)的Hengwen Yang, Xin Geng, Zhiyong Shang和Erin Peden,東京女子醫(yī)科大學(xué)的Eriko Kage-Nakadai和Shohei Mitani,。王曉晨和科羅拉多大學(xué)的Ding Xue為共同通訊作者。此項(xiàng)研究為科技部863計(jì)劃和北京市科委資助課題,,部分實(shí)驗(yàn)在北京生命科學(xué)研究所完成,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處:
Nature Cell Biology doi:10.1038/ncb2068
Caenorhabditis elegans transthyretin-like protein TTR-52 mediates recognition of apoptotic cells by the CED-1 phagocyte receptor
Xiaochen Wang1,2, Weida Li2,4, Dongfeng Zhao2,4, Bin Liu2,4, Yong Shi1,4, Baohui Chen2, Hengwen Yang1, Pengfei Guo2, Xin Geng1, Zhihong Shang1, Erin Peden1, Eriko Kage-Nakadai3, Shohei Mitani3 & Ding Xue1
During apoptosis, dying cells are swiftly removed by phagocytes. It is not fully understood how apoptotic cells are recognized by phagocytes. Here we report the identification and characterization of the Caenorhabditis elegans ttr-52 gene, which encodes a transthyretin-like protein and is required for efficient cell corpse engulfment. The TTR-52 protein is expressed in, and secreted from, C. elegans endoderm and clusters around apoptotic cells. Genetic analysis indicates that TTR-52 acts in the cell corpse engulfment pathway mediated by CED-1, CED-6 and CED-7 and affects clustering of the phagocyte receptor CED-1 around apoptotic cells. TTR-52 recognizes surface-exposed phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) in vivo and binds to both PtdSer and the extracellular domain of CED-1 in vitro. TTR-52 is therefore the first bridging molecule identified in C. elegans that mediates recognition of apoptotic cells by crosslinking the PtdSer 'eat me' signal with the phagocyte receptor CED-1.