趨化因子在調(diào)節(jié)T細(xì)胞免疫功能中發(fā)揮重要作用。5月27日Nature雜志在線發(fā)表了Tajie H. Harris等的研究論文,，進(jìn)一步揭示了趨化因子CXCL10調(diào)節(jié)CD8+T細(xì)胞功能的機(jī)制，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了此類細(xì)胞新的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式,。
利用多光子顯微鏡技術(shù),，研究者在大腦慢性感染弓形蟲的小鼠模型中發(fā)現(xiàn)，CXCL10通過兩種不同的方式增強(qiáng)T細(xì)胞的功能：其一,，保持效應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞在大腦中的數(shù)目,；其二，加快此類細(xì)胞的平均遷徙速度,。
令人驚訝的是,，CD8+T細(xì)胞在大腦內(nèi)遷徙過程中的運(yùn)動(dòng)模式不是Brownian式的而是Lévy式的。據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究模型,，Lévy式運(yùn)動(dòng)模式大大提高了T細(xì)胞發(fā)現(xiàn)稀有目標(biāo)的效率,，比Brownian模式增加了一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),。CD8+T細(xì)胞的運(yùn)動(dòng)行為方式類似于貽貝,、海洋捕食者及猴子,，而CXCL10幫助CD8+T細(xì)胞加快了找到稀有目標(biāo)的速度。(生物谷bioon.com）
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.017
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PMID:
Generalized Lévy walks and the role of chemokines in migration of effector CD8+ T cells
Tajie H. Harris,1 Edward J. Banigan,2 David A. Christian,1 Christoph Konradt,1 Elia D. Tait Wojno,1 Kazumi Norose,3 Emma H. Wilson,4 Beena John,1 Wolfgang Weninger,5, 6 Andrew D. Luster,7 Andrea J. Liu2 & Christopher A. Hunter1
Chemokines have a central role in regulating processes essential to the immune function of T cells1, 2, 3, such as their migration within lymphoid tissues and targeting of pathogens in sites of inflammation. Here we track T cells using multi-photon microscopy to demonstrate that the chemokine CXCL10 enhances the ability of CD8+ T cells to control the pathogen Toxoplasma gondii in the brains of chronically infected mice. This chemokine boosts T-cell function in two different ways: it maintains the effector T-cell population in the brain and speeds up the average migration speed without changing the nature of the walk statistics. Notably, these statistics are not Brownian; rather, CD8+ T-cell motility in the brain is well described by a generalized Lévy walk. According to our model, this unexpected feature enables T cells to find rare targets with more than an order of magnitude more efficiency than Brownian random walkers. Thus, CD8+ T-cell behaviour is similar to Lévy strategies reported in organisms ranging from mussels to marine predators and monkeys4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and CXCL10 aids T cells in shortening the average time taken to find rare targets.
