2012年10月23日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --來(lái)自比利時(shí)布魯塞爾自由大學(xué)(Université Libre de Bruxelles, ULB)的研究人員鑒定出負(fù)責(zé)前列腺出生后發(fā)育的多能干細(xì)胞(multipotent stem cell)和單能干細(xì)胞(unipotent stem cell),。相關(guān)研究結(jié)果于近期刊登在Nature Cell Biology期刊上,。
生物學(xué)上的關(guān)鍵性問(wèn)題之一鑒定出負(fù)責(zé)組織形態(tài)發(fā)生和再生的干細(xì)胞。
在這項(xiàng)研究中,，在布魯塞爾自由大學(xué)教授和論文通訊作者Cédric Blanpain的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,，研究人員鑒定出新類型的干細(xì)胞,，這些干細(xì)胞能夠產(chǎn)生不同的前列腺細(xì)胞系。
前列腺是在膀胱底部包圍著尿道的分泌腺,，在游動(dòng)精子到達(dá)雌性生殖道過(guò)程中,，產(chǎn)生精液來(lái)提供這些精子的存活所必需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)、離子和酶,。成年人的前列腺是由三種細(xì)胞系組成的：基底細(xì)胞(basal cell),、管腔細(xì)胞(luminal cell)和神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞(neuroendocrine cell)。
為了準(zhǔn)確地確定生理?xiàng)l件下前列腺發(fā)育時(shí)的細(xì)胞層次結(jié)構(gòu),，論文共同第一作者M(jìn)arielle Ousset博士和同事們利用最先進(jìn)的遺傳譜系追蹤技術(shù)來(lái)熒光標(biāo)記不同類型的前列腺細(xì)胞,，然后在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)追蹤這些標(biāo)記細(xì)胞的命運(yùn)。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)多能干細(xì)胞和單能干細(xì)胞導(dǎo)致前列腺出生后發(fā)育,。
Marielle Ousset說(shuō),，“當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)多能干細(xì)胞確保主要的[前列腺]上皮細(xì)胞增殖從而產(chǎn)生單能祖細(xì)胞接著產(chǎn)生神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞時(shí)，我們感到非常吃驚和興奮,。確實(shí),，這些結(jié)果與我們最近在乳腺中發(fā)現(xiàn)的情形完全相反,。乳腺是通過(guò)單能干細(xì)胞的存在而發(fā)育的。”
Cédric Blanpain說(shuō),，“這些新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)為腺上皮的發(fā)育模式建立起一種新的范例,。對(duì)研究發(fā)育、干細(xì)胞和前列腺的那些人而言,，這些將是非常重要的,，而且也為揭示前列腺癌的細(xì)胞起源提供新的方法。前列腺癌的細(xì)胞起源是一個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題,，但是人們迄今為止還未完全解決它,。”
總之，這項(xiàng)研究鑒定出前列腺組織中的一種新的多能干細(xì)胞群體,，而且這種干細(xì)胞群體確保前列腺出生后發(fā)育,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1038/ncb2600
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Multipotent and unipotent progenitors contribute to prostate postnatal development
Marielle Ousset,1, 6 Alexandra Van Keymeulen,1, 6 Gaëlle Bouvencourt,1 Neha Sharma,1 Younes Achouri,2 Benjamin D. Simons3, 4 & Cédric Blanpain
The prostate is a glandular epithelium composed of basal, luminal and neuroendocrine cells that originate from the urogenital sinus during embryonic development. After birth, the prostate keeps developing until the end of puberty. Here, we used inducible genetic lineage tracing experiments in mice to investigate the cellular hierarchy that governs prostate postnatal development. We found that prostate postnatal development is mediated by basal multipotent stem cells that differentiate into basal, luminal and neuroendocrine cells, as well as by unipotent basal and luminal progenitors. Clonal analysis of basal cells revealed the existence of bipotent and unipotent basal progenitors as well as basal cells already committed to the luminal lineage with intermediate cells co-expressing basal and luminal markers associated with this commitment step. The existence of multipotent basal progenitors during prostate postnatal development contrasts with the distinct pools of unipotent basal and luminal stem cells that mediate adult prostate regeneration. Our results uncover the cellular hierarchy acting during prostate development and will be instrumental in defining the cellular origin and the mechanisms underlying prostate cancer initiation.
