來(lái)自Joslin糖尿病中心的科學(xué)家們?cè)诋?dāng)前開(kāi)展的,,一項(xiàng)旨在揭示促成肥胖形成的生理因子的研究中,,發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)細(xì)胞周期轉(zhuǎn)錄輔調(diào)節(jié)因子(co-regulator)——TRIP-Br2在能量代謝和脂肪儲(chǔ)存中發(fā)揮了重要作用。這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有可能促成新的肥胖治療。研究結(jié)果在線發(fā)表在《自然醫(yī)學(xué)》(Nature Medicine)雜志上。
轉(zhuǎn)錄輔調(diào)節(jié)因子可通過(guò)激活或抑制基因表達(dá)來(lái)控制DNA表達(dá)。Joslin糖尿病中心的科學(xué)家們致力于研究控制脂肪細(xì)胞中多余能量?jī)?chǔ)存,、動(dòng)員和利用的大量因子及其它們的調(diào)控機(jī)制。新研究表明TRIP-Br2調(diào)控了與脂肪儲(chǔ)存和能量代謝相關(guān)的代謝基因,。
科學(xué)家們對(duì)喂食低脂飲食和高脂飲食的小鼠和肥胖小鼠進(jìn)行了TRIP-Br2水平檢測(cè),,發(fā)現(xiàn)高脂飲食小鼠和肥胖小鼠脂肪組織中TRIP-Br2水平較高。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖人群內(nèi)臟脂肪中的TRIP-Br2顯著升高,。眾所周知,,脂肪積聚在身體中部相比身體其他部位更為有害,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的肥胖人群TRIP-Br2水平增高尤為明顯,。
為了闡明TRIP-Br2對(duì)于脂肪儲(chǔ)存和代謝的生理影響,,科學(xué)家利用無(wú)法生成TRIP-Br2的遺傳工程小鼠(稱(chēng)作KO小鼠)開(kāi)展了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,這些KO小鼠被分別喂食低脂或高脂飲食,。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:高脂飲食KO小鼠體重少有變化,,與喂食低脂飲食的KO小鼠相似。而由于產(chǎn)熱和耗氧增加,,KO小鼠能量消耗增高,。此外,高脂飲食KO小鼠葡萄糖耐受性和胰島素敏感性增高,,甘油三酯降低,。
當(dāng)TRIP-Br2受到抑制時(shí),在脂肪組織中,,與脂肪分解相關(guān)的,,激素敏感脂肪酶(HSL)和Beta3腎上腺素能(Adrb3)受體的表達(dá)顯著升高。反之,,當(dāng)肥胖和高脂飲食引起TRIP-Br2升高時(shí),,HSL和Adrb3受體受到抑制,則導(dǎo)致能量消耗減少和脂肪累積增加,。
文章的主要作者,、哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院胰島細(xì)胞和再生生物學(xué)部門(mén)課題領(lǐng)頭人、醫(yī)學(xué)副教授Rohit N. Kulkarni博士說(shuō):“TRIP-Br2對(duì)于脂肪累積至關(guān)重要,。當(dāng)某一動(dòng)物缺乏TRIP-Br2時(shí),,它無(wú)法累積脂肪,。”
除調(diào)控脂肪儲(chǔ)存,TRIP-Br2同時(shí)還調(diào)控了脂肪分解,、能量輸出和氧化代謝——它們相互互補(bǔ)協(xié)同發(fā)揮作用,。“這是第一次確定了一種細(xì)胞周期輔調(diào)控因子控制了這些過(guò)程。不同于以往研究報(bào)道的作為轉(zhuǎn)錄輔調(diào)控因子,,TRIP-Br2似乎是通過(guò)一種不同的機(jī)制起作用,,” Kulkarni博士說(shuō),。
對(duì)于肥胖及其包括胰島素抵抗在內(nèi)的相關(guān)并發(fā)癥,,TRIP-Br2是一個(gè)有潛力的治療靶點(diǎn)。Joslin糖尿病中心的科學(xué)家們當(dāng)前正在研究相關(guān)途徑,,旨在“減少內(nèi)臟脂肪中TRIP-Br2,,提高HSL和Adrb3受體表達(dá)。獲得改變這兩種分子的能力,,為我們提供了對(duì)抗肥胖的一條新信號(hào)通路,,” Kulkarni博士說(shuō)。
此外,,Kulkarni博士和同事們還在調(diào)查,,抑制TRIP-Br2以及由此導(dǎo)致的肥胖抗性對(duì)于心血管疾病和代謝并發(fā)癥形成的影響。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nm.3056
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Ablation of TRIP-Br2, a regulator of fat lipolysis, thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism, prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance
Chong Wee Liew,1, 10, 11 Jeremie Boucher,1, 11 Jit Kong Cheong,2, 11 Cecile Vernochet,1, 3 Ho-Jin Koh,1 Cristina Mallol,4 Kristy Townsend,1 Dominique Langin,5 Dan Kawamori,1 Jiang Hu,1 Yu-Hua Tseng,1 Marc K Hellerstein,6 Stephen R Farmer,3 Laurie Goodyear,1 Alessandro Doria,1 Matthias Blüher,7 Stephen I-Hong Hsu8, 9 & Rohit N Kulkarni1
Obesity develops as a result of altered energy homeostasis favoring fat storage. Here we describe a new transcription co-regulator for adiposity and energy metabolism, SERTA domain containing 2 (TRIP-Br2, also called SERTAD2). TRIP-Br2–null mice are resistant to obesity and obesity-related insulin resistance. Adipocytes of these knockout mice showed greater stimulated lipolysis secondary to enhanced expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and β3-adrenergic (Adrb3) receptors. The knockout mice also have higher energy expenditure because of increased adipocyte thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism caused by upregulating key enzymes in their respective processes. Our data show that a cell-cycle transcriptional co-regulator, TRIP-Br2, modulates fat storage through simultaneous regulation of lipolysis, thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism. These data, together with the observation that TRIP-Br2 expression is selectively elevated in visceral fat in obese humans, suggests that this transcriptional co-regulator is a new therapeutic target for counteracting the development of obesity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia.