在探求導(dǎo)致肥胖的生理因素的研究中,,美國喬瑟琳糖尿病中心的科學(xué)家認(rèn)定,作為細(xì)胞周期轉(zhuǎn)錄輔助調(diào)節(jié)因子的TRIP-Br2在脂肪存儲和能量代謝中發(fā)揮了重要作用,。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能為開發(fā)新的肥胖治療方式奠定基礎(chǔ),。相關(guān)研究報告發(fā)表在當(dāng)日的《自然醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上。
轉(zhuǎn)錄輔助調(diào)節(jié)因子可通過激活或抑制基因的表達來控制DNA的表達,,而TRIP-Br2能夠調(diào)控與脂肪存儲和能量代謝有關(guān)的代謝基因,。科學(xué)家觀察了被喂食低脂,、高脂食物的小鼠和肥胖小鼠的TRIP-Br2水平,,發(fā)現(xiàn)食用高脂食物的小鼠和肥胖小鼠脂肪組織中的TRIP-Br2水平較高。此外,,他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖人群內(nèi)臟脂肪區(qū)域的TRIP-Br2有了明顯提升。而囤積在身體中部的脂肪可比積聚在其他部位的脂肪具有更大的有害效應(yīng),。
為了闡明TRIP-Br2在脂肪存儲和新陳代謝中發(fā)揮的生理影響,,科學(xué)家對經(jīng)基因處理過的、不會再產(chǎn)生TRIP-Br2的KO小鼠進行了實驗,。它們被分別喂食低脂食物和高脂食物,。測試結(jié)果顯示,食用高脂食物的小鼠體重并未顯著增加,,基本與食用低脂食物的小鼠體重持平,,這是因為產(chǎn)熱的增加和耗氧量的提升,使KO小鼠消耗了更多的能量,。此外,,食用高脂食物的KO小鼠的葡萄糖耐受性及胰島素敏感度都有所改善,甘油三酯也有所降低,。
當(dāng)TRIP-Br2受到抑制時,,與脂肪分解有關(guān)的激素敏感性脂肪酶(HSL)和β3腎上腺素能受體(Adrb3)的表達就會明顯增強,。而當(dāng)肥胖和高脂食物促使TRIP-Br2水平提升時,其也會壓制HSL和Adrb3受體的表達,,從而造成能量消耗的銳減以及脂肪堆積的增加,。“因此TRIP-Br2對脂肪的儲存十分重要,當(dāng)這一要素缺失時,,動物就無法聚積脂肪,。”研究主導(dǎo)者、哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的醫(yī)學(xué)副教授羅西特·庫爾卡尼如是說,。
除此之外,,TRIP-Br2同時還能調(diào)控脂解作用、能量輸出和氧化代謝,。庫爾卡尼說:“這是首次確定一種細(xì)胞周期轉(zhuǎn)錄輔助調(diào)節(jié)因子能夠控制這些過程,。與以往的研究不同,TRIP-Br2此次似乎展現(xiàn)了不同的作用機制,。”
對于治療肥胖和包括胰島素抵抗在內(nèi)的相關(guān)并發(fā)癥,,TRIP-Br2可謂是一個頗具潛力的治療基點。研究人員目前正在探索減少內(nèi)臟脂肪中TRIP-Br2的方法,,以便增強HSL和Adrb3受體的表達,。而具備改變這兩種分子的能力,將為我們抗擊肥胖開辟新的路徑,。此外,,研究小組亦在探查抑制TRIP-Br2以及由其導(dǎo)致的肥胖抗性是否會對心血管疾病和代謝并發(fā)癥造成相關(guān)影響。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nm.3056
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Ablation of TRIP-Br2, a regulator of fat lipolysis, thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism, prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance
Chong Wee Liew, Jeremie Boucher, Jit Kong Cheong, Cecile Vernochet, Ho-Jin Koh,Cristina Mallol, Kristy Townsend, Dominique Langin, Dan Kawamori, Jiang Hu, Yu-Hua Tseng, Marc K Hellerstein, Stephen R Farmer, Laurie Goodyear, Alessandro Doria, Matthias Blüher, Stephen I-Hong Hsu & Rohit N Kulkarni
Obesity develops as a result of altered energy homeostasis favoring fat storage. Here we describe a new transcription co-regulator for adiposity and energy metabolism, SERTA domain containing 2 (TRIP-Br2, also called SERTAD2). TRIP-Br2–null mice are resistant to obesity and obesity-related insulin resistance. Adipocytes of these knockout mice showed greater stimulated lipolysis secondary to enhanced expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and β3-adrenergic (Adrb3) receptors. The knockout mice also have higher energy expenditure because of increased adipocyte thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism caused by upregulating key enzymes in their respective processes. Our data show that a cell-cycle transcriptional co-regulator, TRIP-Br2, modulates fat storage through simultaneous regulation of lipolysis, thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism. These data, together with the observation that TRIP-Br2 expression is selectively elevated in visceral fat in obese humans, suggests that this transcriptional co-regulator is a new therapeutic target for counteracting the development of obesity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia.