生育年齡的女性中有高達(dá)15%的人在為了成功懷孕而努力。體外受精(in vitro fertilization , IVF)可以幫助這些女性成為媽媽,。但是,，即便是IVF也幫不到那些因為卵子不能正常發(fā)育成熟而無法懷孕的女性，因為為成熟的卵子時無法受精的,。
不過,，近日瑞典歌德堡大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)一種叫做Cdk1的分子對于哺乳類生物的卵子成熟具有十分重要的功能。將來,，這項發(fā)現(xiàn)也許可以提高IVF的成功率,，那些因為該原因而無法懷孕的女性可能會得到命運(yùn)的改變,。相關(guān)論文發(fā)表在Human Molecular Genetics上。
論文的通訊作者Kui Liu教授說：“這是第一個功能性證據(jù)證實Cdk1是哺乳類生物卵子成熟的關(guān)鍵分子,。如果該發(fā)現(xiàn)能轉(zhuǎn)化到臨床應(yīng)用,，這有可能提高IVF治療的成功幾率，幫助那些因為卵子不能成熟而無法懷孕的女人”
研究者在特異組織敲除的小鼠上開展研究實驗,，結(jié)果顯示,，當(dāng)從小鼠的卵子中去除Cdk1分子后，卵子的成熟過程停止,。當(dāng)該分子被重新加入后,，卵子則繼續(xù)成熟過程。
研究人員稱希望能夠在人類卵子中開展實驗,，而該結(jié)果有希望在10年內(nèi)得到臨床應(yīng)用,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1093/hmg/dds061
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Cdk1, but not Cdk2, is the sole Cdk that is essential and sufficient to drive resumption of meiosis in mouse oocytes
Deepak Adhikari, Wenjing Zheng, Yan Shen, Nagaraju Gorre, Guillaume Halet, Philipp Kaldis and Kui Liu
Mammalian oocytes are arrested at the prophase of meiosis I during fetal or postnatal development, and the meiosis is resumed by the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH). The in vivo functional roles of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) during resumption of meiosis in mammalian oocytes are largely unknown. Previous studies have shown that deletions of Cdk3, Cdk4, or Cdk6 in mice result in viable animals with normal oocyte maturation, indicating that these Cdks are not essential for the meiotic maturation of oocytes. In addition, conventional knockout of Cdk1 and Cdk2 leads to embryonic lethality and postnatal follicular depletion, respectively, making it impossible to study the functions of Cdk1 and Cdk2 in oocyte meiosis. In this study, we generated conditional knockout mice with oocyte-specific deletions of Cdk1 and Cdk2. We showed that the lack of Cdk1, but not of Cdk2, leads to female infertility due to a failure of resumption of meiosis in the oocyte. Re-introduction of Cdk1 mRNA into Cdk1-null oocytes largely resumed meiosis. Thus, Cdk1 is the sole Cdk that is essential and sufficient to drive resumption of meiosis in mouse oocytes. We also found that Cdk1 maintains the phosphorylation status of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and lamin A/C in oocytes in order for meiosis resumption to occur.
