生物谷報(bào)道:在8月6日的PNAS的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上公示了來(lái)自中山大學(xué)中山醫(yī)學(xué)院藥理學(xué)教授顏光美(通訊作者),、李炎(Yan Li,音譯)等人發(fā)表的一篇有關(guān)惡性神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤細(xì)胞(malignant glioma cell)分化的新發(fā)現(xiàn)的論文,。
惡性神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤(malignant gliomas)在全世界是導(dǎo)致癌癥死亡的一個(gè)重要原因,。但是對(duì)這種腫瘤的化學(xué)預(yù)防方法卻很少,并且這種疾病研究的也相對(duì)較少,。在這項(xiàng)研究中,,來(lái)自中山大學(xué)中山醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員證實(shí),,霍亂毒素(cholera toxin)能夠誘導(dǎo)惡性神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤在體外時(shí)的分化?;魜y毒素是霍亂菌產(chǎn)生的外毒素,,已經(jīng)證明它是能引起腹瀉的毒素。也稱為霍亂腸毒素(cholera enteroto-xin)或霍亂原(choleragen),?;魜y毒素是一種經(jīng)典的生物毒素,并且能誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞cAMP的積累,。
霍亂毒素誘導(dǎo)的惡性細(xì)胞分化是典型的形態(tài)變化,,其膠質(zhì)纖維酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acid protein)的表達(dá)增加、Ki-67的表達(dá)減少,、細(xì)胞增殖受抑制和細(xì)胞周期的G1階段細(xì)胞發(fā)生積累,。
霍亂毒素還能觸發(fā)G1細(xì)胞周期調(diào)節(jié)蛋白cyclin D1和Cdk2的顯著減少和細(xì)胞周期抑制蛋白p21Cip1和p27Kip1的過(guò)表達(dá)。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),,通過(guò)使用蛋白激酶A抑制劑或利用RNA干擾技術(shù)沉默cAMP反應(yīng)元件結(jié)合蛋白來(lái)敲除cAMP依賴蛋白激酶A的功能會(huì)導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞分化的抑制,。
這些發(fā)現(xiàn)暗示出,霍亂毒素可能成為進(jìn)一步研發(fā)細(xì)胞分化藥物的一個(gè)候選,。而且,,蛋白激酶A/cAMP反應(yīng)元件結(jié)合蛋白途徑的活化可能是神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤分化的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵、必不可少的因子,。
神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤(Giiomas)亦稱膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞瘤,,簡(jiǎn)稱膠質(zhì)瘤,是發(fā)生于神經(jīng)外胚層的腫瘤,,故亦稱神經(jīng)外胚層腫瘤或神經(jīng)上皮腫瘤,。腫瘤起源于神經(jīng)間質(zhì)細(xì)胞,即神經(jīng)膠質(zhì),、室管膜,、脈絡(luò)叢上皮和神經(jīng)實(shí)質(zhì)細(xì)胞,即神經(jīng)元,。大多數(shù)腫瘤起源于不同類型的神經(jīng)膠質(zhì),,但根據(jù)組織發(fā)生學(xué)來(lái)源及生物學(xué)特征類似,對(duì)發(fā)生于神經(jīng)外胚層的各種腫瘤,,一般都稱為神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)瘤,。
原始出處:
Published online before print August 6, 2007
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 10.1073/pnas.0701990104
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Medical Sciences
Cholera toxin induces malignant glioma cell differentiation via the PKA/CREB pathway
Yan Li *, Wei Yin , Xia Wang *, Wenbo Zhu *, Yijun Huang *, and Guangmei Yan *
Departments of *Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Zhong-shan Medical College, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510089, China
Edited by John J. Mekalanos, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, and approved July 5, 2007 (received for review March 14, 2007)
Malignant gliomas are one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide, but chemoprevention strategies for them are few and poorly investigated. Here, we show that cholera toxin, the traditional biotoxin and well known inducer of accumulation of cellular cAMP, is capable of inducing differentiation on malignant gliomas in vitro with rat C6 and primary cultured human glioma cells. Cholera toxin-induced differentiation was characterized by typical morphological changes, increased expression of glial fibrillary acid protein, decreased expression of Ki-67, inhibition of cellular proliferation, and accumulation of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Cholera toxin also triggered a significant reduction in the G1 cell-cycle regulatory proteins cyclin D1 and Cdk2 along with an overexpression of cell-cycle inhibitory proteins p21Cip1 and p27Kip1. Abrogation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A activity by protein kinase A inhibitor or silencing of cAMP-responsive element binding proteins by RNA interference resulted in suppressed differentiation. These findings imply the attractiveness of cholera toxin as a drug candidate for further development of differentiation therapy. Furthermore, activation of the protein kinase A/cAMP-responsive element binding protein pathway may be a key and requisite factor in glioma differentiation.
顏光美,男,,漢族,,1957年4月出生,湖南婁底人,,中共黨員,,博士研究生學(xué)歷,,藥理學(xué)教授,博士生導(dǎo)師,,廣東省政協(xié)第八屆委員會(huì)委員,。1974年高中畢業(yè)回鄉(xiāng)務(wù)農(nóng),1976年就讀湖南醫(yī)學(xué)院醫(yī)療系,,1979年畢業(yè)分配到湖南吉首大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)系任助教,。1980年到湖南醫(yī)學(xué)院藥理高師班進(jìn)修一年半。1982年考入中山醫(yī)學(xué)院就讀藥理學(xué)碩士研究生,,1985年畢業(yè)留校,,在基礎(chǔ)學(xué)院藥理學(xué)教研室工作并繼續(xù)在職攻讀博士研究生,1989年獲醫(yī)學(xué)博士學(xué)位,。1991年被國(guó)家教育委員會(huì)和國(guó)務(wù)院學(xué)位委員會(huì)評(píng)為“做出突出貢獻(xiàn)的中國(guó)博士學(xué)位獲得者”,。1987年晉升講師,1989年晉升副教授,,1995年晉升教授,,1997年任博士生導(dǎo)師。1991年6月赴美國(guó),,先后在美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院精神衛(wèi)生研究所、印第安那大學(xué)藥理與毒理系進(jìn)行博士后學(xué)習(xí)和客座研究工作,。1996年2月回國(guó),,同年6月任中山醫(yī)科大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)、校黨委常委,。