生物谷報道:來自匹茲堡大學癌癥研究院(University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute)分子病毒研究組的研究人員提出了一種尋找人類病毒的新方法:他們發(fā)現(xiàn)引起卡波濟氏肉瘤(Kaposi’s Sarcoma,,生物谷注)的原因是之前未知的一種病毒,,這種病毒與另一少見,但是致命的皮膚癌——Merkel細胞癌(merkel cell carcinoma,,www.ebiotrade.com)密切相關(guān),。這一研究成果公布在上周五(1月18日)出版的Science在線版上,。
領導這一研究,文章的通訊作者是癌癥研究院KSHV實驗室的Patrick S. Moore與Yuan Chang,,這兩位分子病毒學領域的專家教授是一對夫妻,,前者畢業(yè)于斯坦福大學,實驗室主要興趣在于研究KSHV與宿主信號途徑之間的基礎關(guān)系,。
這一新獲得的研究成果花費了他們十年的時間,,利用測序技術(shù)識別這種MCV病毒(Merkel cell polyomavirus),這也許能提供一種新的癌癥治療及預防措施,。
Moore博士表示,“這是第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)的與某種特殊類型的人類腫瘤密切相關(guān)的多瘤病毒(polyomavirus,,www.ebiotrade.com)”——多瘤病毒PY能誘發(fā)多個部位或器官發(fā)生肉瘤或癌癥,,因此稱為多瘤病毒,“雖然多瘤病毒在癌癥發(fā)育方面已經(jīng)研究了多年,,但是許多重要證據(jù)都表明這些病毒并不會引發(fā)人類癌癥,。”
Merkel細胞癌(MCC)是原發(fā)于皮膚的一種高度惡性腫瘤,1972年Toker首先描述并用”梁狀癌”命名,,因其腫瘤細胞質(zhì)內(nèi)有神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌顆粒出現(xiàn),,也被稱作原發(fā)于皮膚的神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌癌。主要發(fā)生于老年人的頭頸部及四肢,,具有獨特的超微結(jié)構(gòu)改變和免疫組化染色特征,。在過去的20年間,MCC增長了三倍,,每年出現(xiàn)1500個病例,,這種癌癥主要發(fā)生在免疫系統(tǒng)受到AIDS,或者移植相關(guān)免疫抑制藥物破壞的個體身上,,一半患有MCC的病人只能存活至多9個月,,三分之二的病人在5年內(nèi)會死亡。
“如果我們的這些研究成果得到進一步證實,,我們就能了解這種新病毒是如何導致這一高致死率的癌癥的發(fā)生,,而且重要的是,利用這一模式,,我們能了解癌癥發(fā)生,,及其癌癥發(fā)生過程中的細胞途徑的變化”,Moore博士說,。
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Published Online January 17, 2008
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1152586
Submitted on November 5, 2007
Accepted on January 8, 2008
Clonal Integration of a Polyomavirus in Human Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Huichen Feng 1, Masahiro Shuda 1, Yuan Chang 1*, Patrick S. Moore 1*
1 Molecular Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 5117 Centre Ave, Suite 1.8, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Yuan Chang , E-mail: [email protected]
Patrick S. Moore , E-mail: [email protected]
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. We studied MCC samples by digital transcriptome subtraction (DTS) and detected a fusion transcript between a previously undescribed virus T antigen and a human receptor tyrosine phosphatase. Further investigation led to discovery and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a new polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). MCV sequences were detected in 8 of 10 (80%) MCC tumors but in only 5 of 59 (8%) control tissues from various body sites and 4 of 25 (16%) control skin tissues. In six of 8 MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a pattern suggesting that MCV infection/integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. Thus, MCV may be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of MCC.