來自芝加哥大學(xué),,耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)視黃酸(Retinoic acid)參與的作用機(jī)制是一種新型治療乳腺癌的藥物靶標(biāo)。這一研究成果公布在6月25日Cell雜志上,。
(效果圖:視黃酸受體(藍(lán)色)與雌激素受體(紫色)競爭性結(jié)合)
乳腺癌最常見的病因就是女性雌性激素紊亂引發(fā)的,,在這篇文章中,研究人員通過比較雌激素與視黃酸對整個(gè)基因組的影響,,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種“陰陽效應(yīng)”( "yin-yang" effect):這兩種分子能改變許多相同基因的表達(dá),,其中雌激素有利于細(xì)胞增殖,而視黃酸則能通過抑制細(xì)胞生長來維護(hù)這個(gè)平衡,。
文章作者,,芝加哥大學(xué)基因組與系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)研究所主任,人類遺傳學(xué)教授Kevin White表示,,“研究這一途徑的所有組成成員可以在三個(gè)方面對抗乳腺癌”,,“這也提出了一種患乳腺癌幾率高的人群的預(yù)防方法,這一研究提供了一種更加精確診斷和預(yù)后的分子工具,,同時(shí)也能加強(qiáng)目前治療的效果,,增強(qiáng)目前已有藥物,比如tamoxifen的藥效,,甚至還有助于發(fā)展一種新型的抗癌藥物,。”
White和其同事Sujun Hua,Ralf Kittler等人將兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的技術(shù)結(jié)合起來:ChIP-chip方法(ChIP與基因芯片相結(jié)合的技術(shù)),,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種細(xì)胞系(來自雌激素刺激的乳腺癌患者)中視黃酸,,及其受體的所有遺傳效應(yīng)。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)雌激素受體a結(jié)合的基因組區(qū)域中39%的與視黃酸結(jié)合的區(qū)域重合,,而且雌激素受體與視黃酸受體在和靶標(biāo)結(jié)合都屬于排它結(jié)合,,這也就是說這兩種分子是競爭性結(jié)合許多相同的基因,起到抑制或激活的作用,。
作者表示,,“這一發(fā)現(xiàn)說明在雌激素和視黃酸作用之間存在一種廣泛的crosstalk(干擾),,但是盡管這兩種分子存在競爭作者,,還是有一些情況下,,雌激素與視黃酸能相互激活,這提供了一種額外的調(diào)控,,在基因表達(dá)調(diào)節(jié)中達(dá)到了一種平衡,。”
雌激素和視黃酸之間的競爭性作用能作為一種預(yù)后的新工具,研究人員將295位乳腺癌患者組織中視黃酸所起的作用,,與他們最初利用一種典型的乳腺癌細(xì)胞系進(jìn)行的研究做了比較,,發(fā)現(xiàn)腫瘤細(xì)胞對視黃酸做成的應(yīng)答越多,長時(shí)間無復(fù)發(fā)生存(long-term relapse-free survival)的可能性就越好,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Cell, Volume 137, Issue 7, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.04.043
Genomic Antagonism between Retinoic Acid and Estrogen Signaling in Breast Cancer
Sujun Hua1,2,3,Ralf Kittler1,3andKevin P. White1,,
1 Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology and Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
2 Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
3 These authors contributed equally to this work
Retinoic acid (RA) triggers antiproliferative effects intumor cells, and therefore RA and its synthetic analogs have great potential as anticarcinogenic agents. Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) mediate RA effects by directly regulating gene expression. To define the genetic network regulated by RARs in breast cancer, we identified RAR genomic targets using chromatin immunoprecipitation and expression analysis. We found that RAR binding throughout the genome is highly coincident with estrogen receptor (ERα) binding, resulting in a widespread crosstalk of RA and estrogen signaling to antagonistically regulate breast cancer-associated genes. ER-α and RAR-binding sites appear to be coevolved on a large scale throughout the human genome, often resulting in competitive binding activity at nearby or overlapping cis-regulatory elements. The highly coordinated intersection between these two critical nuclear hormone receptor signaling pathways provides a global mechanism for balancing gene expression output via local regulatory interactions dispersed throughout the genome.