美國研究人員在7月刊的《癌癥流行病學(xué),、生物標(biāo)記和預(yù)防》雜志上報(bào)告說,，他們研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，更年期出現(xiàn)新陳代謝綜合征會增加女性絕經(jīng)后罹患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
新陳代謝綜合征是女性更年期比較常見的癥狀,，包括腹部脂肪堆積,、高血壓、高血糖,、高血脂和高膽固醇等,。
美國紐約艾伯特·愛因斯坦醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員對4888名50歲至79歲的女性進(jìn)行了長達(dá)8年的跟蹤研究，被調(diào)查者最初均未出現(xiàn)新陳代謝綜合征或患乳腺癌,。在研究期間,，共有165人被診斷出患乳腺癌。
研究結(jié)果顯示,，更年期出現(xiàn)新陳代謝綜合征的人在絕經(jīng)后罹患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比沒有患新陳代謝綜合征的女性高出兩倍,。此外，在更年期期間,，僅血壓低壓過高就會使女性患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加兩倍,；甘油三酯和血糖過高則使女性患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分別增加約1．7倍。
研究人員指出,，他們接下來將進(jìn)一步研究為何新陳代謝綜合征的諸多癥狀對乳腺癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響存在差異,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 18, 1730, June 1, 2009. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0045
Intakes of Fruit, Vegetables, and Carotenoids and Renal Cell Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of 13 Prospective Studies
Jung Eun Lee1, Satu M?nnist?6, Donna Spiegelman3,5, David J. Hunter1,3,4, Leslie Bernstein7, Piet A. van den Brandt8, Julie E. Buring2,3, Eunyoung Cho1,4, Dallas R. English9, Andrew Flood10, Jo L. Freudenheim12, Graham G. Giles9, Edward Giovannucci1,3,4, Niclas H?kansson14, Pamela L. Horn-Ross15, Eric J. Jacobs16, Michael F. Leitzmann17, James R. Marshall13, Marjorie L. McCullough16, Anthony B. Miller18, Thomas E. Rohan19, Julie A. Ross11, Arthur Schatzkin20, Leo J. Schouten8, Jarmo Virtamo6, Alicja Wolk14, Shumin M. Zhang2 and Stephanie A. Smith-Warner3,4
1 Channing Laboratory, and 2 Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; 3 Departments of Epidemiology, 4 Nutrition, and 5 Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 6 National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; 7 City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California; 8 Department of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, University Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; 9 Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; 10 Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, and 11 Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; 12 Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; 13 Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York; 14 Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; 15 Northern California Cancer Center, Fremont, California; 16 Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia; 17 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; 18 Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 19 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and 20 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Health Services, Bethesda, Maryland
Fruit and vegetable consumption has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of renal cell cancer. We conducted a pooled analysis of 13 prospective studies, including 1,478 incident cases of renal cell cancer (709 women and 769 men) among 530,469 women and 244,483 men followed for up to 7 to 20 years. Participants completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Using the primary data from each study, the study-specific relative risks (RR) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random effects model. We found that fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with a reduced risk of renal cell cancer. Compared with <200 g/d of fruit and vegetable intake, the pooled multivariate RR for 600 g/d was 0.68 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.54-0.87; P for between-studies heterogeneity = 0.86; P for trend = 0.001]. Compared with <100 g/d, the pooled multivariate RRs (95% CI) for 400 g/d were 0.79 (0.63-0.99; P for trend = 0.03) for total fruit and 0.72 (0.48-1.08; P for trend = 0.07) for total vegetables. For specific carotenoids, the pooled multivariate RRs (95% CIs) comparing the highest and lowest quintiles were 0.87 (0.73-1.03) for -carotene, 0.82 (0.69-0.98) for β-carotene, 0.86 (0.73-1.01) for β-cryptoxanthin, 0.82 (0.64-1.06) for lutein/zeaxanthin, and 1.13 (0.95-1.34) for lycopene. In conclusion, increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with decreasing risk of renal cell cancer; carotenoids present in fruit and vegetables may partly contribute to this protection.
