據(jù)外媒7月13日?qǐng)?bào)道，英國(guó)研究人員首次發(fā)現(xiàn),，有兩個(gè)基因在人體自身細(xì)胞抗擊癌癥細(xì)胞的過(guò)程中發(fā)揮著重要作用,。發(fā)表在7月13日《公共科學(xué)圖書(shū)館·生物學(xué)》（PLoS Biology）期刊網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上的此項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，將可能導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)全新的癌癥研究概念,，那就是未來(lái)的癌癥療法將通過(guò)使人體自身的健康細(xì)胞“裝備更為精良”來(lái)攻擊癌細(xì)胞,。
由英國(guó)倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院分子細(xì)胞生物學(xué)和細(xì)胞生物學(xué)部開(kāi)展的此項(xiàng)研究證明，正常細(xì)胞與癌細(xì)胞在人體中上演著一場(chǎng)“你死我活”的較量,。如果非癌變細(xì)胞獲得了優(yōu)勢(shì),，會(huì)將癌細(xì)胞團(tuán)團(tuán)圍住，癌細(xì)胞就會(huì)死亡,；如果癌細(xì)胞設(shè)法掙脫了束縛,，它們將繼續(xù)不受干擾地進(jìn)行分裂和生長(zhǎng)。這項(xiàng)研究表明,，Lgl蛋白和Mahjong蛋白在細(xì)胞的這場(chǎng)較量中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用,，影響著這些細(xì)胞究竟會(huì)“鹿死誰(shuí)手”。這種細(xì)胞競(jìng)爭(zhēng)形式先前曾被證明在果蠅中出現(xiàn)過(guò),，不過(guò)在哺乳動(dòng)物身上發(fā)現(xiàn)尚屬首次,。
>>>借著上海世博會(huì)的良好契機(jī),，"第一屆腫瘤基礎(chǔ)和轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)國(guó)際研討會(huì)"將于2010年10月12日在中國(guó)上海盛大開(kāi)幕，這將為廣大活躍在腫瘤基礎(chǔ)和轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)第一線(xiàn)的科研工作者提供一個(gè)互動(dòng)交流的平臺(tái),。
會(huì)議官方網(wǎng)站：www.cancerasia.org
該項(xiàng)研究的主持者,、倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的藤田泰之博士表示，這是首次發(fā)現(xiàn)癌癥細(xì)胞只需被健康細(xì)胞包圍即可被殺死,。以此為基礎(chǔ),，科學(xué)家們將能加深對(duì)癌癥機(jī)制的理解，進(jìn)而發(fā)現(xiàn)預(yù)防和治療癌癥的全新方式,。(生物谷Bioon.net)
20年后全球每年死于癌癥的人數(shù)將翻番
Nature：RNAi干擾抑制癌癥活躍基因
一種治療癌癥新疫苗面世
Nature：殲滅致癌干細(xì)胞根治癌癥新突破
PLoS One：美國(guó)癌癥死亡率顯著下降
Nature：首次實(shí)現(xiàn)利用RNAi治療癌癥
JNM：有望診治癌癥的切倫科夫冷光成像技術(shù)
Nature：刺激新抗原或可創(chuàng)造有效癌癥疫苗
生物谷推薦原文出處：
PLoS Biology doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000422
Involvement of Lgl and Mahjong/VprBP in Cell Competition
Yoichiro Tamori1, Carl Uli Bialucha2¤a, Ai-Guo Tian1¤b, Mihoko Kajita2, Yi-Chun Huang1, Mark Norman2, Nicholas Harrison1, John Poulton1¤c, Kenzo Ivanovitch2, Lena Disch2, Tao Liu2, Wu-Min Deng1#*, Yasuyuki Fujita2,3,4#*
1 Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America, 2 MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Cell Biology Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 4 Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
During the initial stages of carcinogenesis, transformation events occur in a single cell within an epithelial monolayer. However, it remains unknown what happens at the interface between normal and transformed epithelial cells during this process. In Drosophila, it has been recently shown that normal and transformed cells compete with each other for survival in an epithelial tissue; however the molecular mechanisms whereby “loser cells” undergo apoptosis are not clearly understood. Lgl (lethal giant larvae) is a tumor suppressor protein and plays a crucial role in oncogenesis in flies and mammals. Here we have examined the involvement of Lgl in cell competition and shown that a novel Lgl-binding protein is involved in Lgl-mediated cell competition. Using biochemical immunoprecipitation methods, we first identified Mahjong as a novel binding partner of Lgl in both flies and mammals. In Drosophila, Mahjong is an essential gene, but zygotic mahjong mutants (mahj?/?) do not have obvious patterning defects during embryonic or larval development. However, mahj?/? cells undergo apoptosis when surrounded by wild-type cells in the wing disc epithelium. Importantly, comparable phenomena also occur in Mahjong-knockdown mammalian cells; Mahjong-knockdown Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells undergo apoptosis, only when surrounded by non-transformed cells. Similarly, apoptosis of lgl?/? cells is induced when they are surrounded by wild-type cells in Drosophila wing discs. Phosphorylation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is increased in mahj?/? or lgl?/? mutant cells, and expression of Puckered (Puc), an inhibitor of the JNK pathway, suppresses apoptosis of these mutant cells surrounded by wild-type cells, suggesting that the JNK pathway is involved in mahj- or lgl-mediated cell competition. Finally, we have shown that overexpression of Mahj in lgl?/? cells strongly suppresses JNK activation and blocks apoptosis of lgl?/? cells in the wild-type wing disc epithelium. These data indicate that Mahjong interacts with Lgl biochemically and genetically and that Mahjong and Lgl function in the same pathway to regulate cellular competitiveness. As far as we are aware, this is the first report that cell competition can occur in a mammalian cell culture system.
