法國(guó)國(guó)家科研中心研究人員最近開發(fā)出一種改善癌癥治療效果的新方法,，其關(guān)鍵之處在于增強(qiáng)免疫細(xì)胞的抗癌能力。
這項(xiàng)研究由科研中心和居里大學(xué)等機(jī)構(gòu)共同完成,。研究人員在新一期《科學(xué)-轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)》中報(bào)告說，大部分與骨髓或血液有關(guān)的癌癥,，都能通過更換骨髓等方法進(jìn)行有效治療,，這種方法目前被人統(tǒng)稱為“造血干細(xì)胞移植”，其捐獻(xiàn)者既可以是患者的親屬,，也可以是毫無(wú)血緣關(guān)系的志愿者,。
據(jù)介紹，這種方法之所以有效,，一方面是因?yàn)楦鼡Q了發(fā)生病變的骨髓,，另一方面是因?yàn)獒t(yī)生向病人體內(nèi)注入了來(lái)自同一位捐贈(zèng)者的免疫細(xì)胞，也就是淋巴細(xì)胞,。但移植手術(shù)后,，有的患者就此痊愈，但有的患者的癌細(xì)胞卻發(fā)生了擴(kuò)散,。對(duì)此,，法國(guó)研究人員開發(fā)了一種新療法：對(duì)捐贈(zèng)者的免疫細(xì)胞進(jìn)行處理，將其中一些抑制抗癌細(xì)胞活性的“害群之馬”清除出去,，以增強(qiáng)整個(gè)軀體的抗癌能力,。
為驗(yàn)證這種療法的可靠性，研究人員對(duì)17名癌癥患者進(jìn)行了臨床試驗(yàn),，其中三分之一受試者的病情有所緩解,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
>>>借著上海世博會(huì)的良好契機(jī)，"第一屆腫瘤基礎(chǔ)和轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)國(guó)際研討會(huì)"將于2010年10月12日在中國(guó)上海盛大開幕，這將為廣大活躍在腫瘤基礎(chǔ)和轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)第一線的科研工作者提供一個(gè)互動(dòng)交流的平臺(tái),。
會(huì)議官方網(wǎng)站：www.cancerasia.org
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Sci Transl Med. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001302 ,、
CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cell Depletion Improves the Graft-Versus-Tumor Effect of Donor Lymphocytes After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Sébastien Maury1,2,*, Fran?ois M. Lemoine3,4, Yosr Hicheri1,2,?, Michelle Rosenzwajg3,4,?, Cécile Badoual5,6, Mustapha Chera?3,4, Jean-Louis Beaumont7, Nabih Azar3, Nathalie Dhedin8, Anne Sirvent9, Agnès Buzyn10, Marie-Thérèse Rubio10, Stéphane Vigouroux11, Olivier Montagne2,12, Dominique Bories1,2, Fran?oise Roudot-Thoraval2,13, Jean-Paul Vernant8, Catherine Cordonnier1,2, David Klatzmann3,4,? and José L. Cohen4,8,*?
Donor T cells play a pivotal role in the graft-versus-tumor effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) may reduce alloreactivity, the major component of the graft-versus-tumor effect. In the setting of donor lymphocyte infusion after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we postulated that Treg depletion could improve alloreactivity and likewise the graft-versus-tumor effect of donor T cells. The safety and efficacy of Treg-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion was studied in 17 adult patients with malignancy relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. All but one had previously failed to respond to at least one standard donor lymphocyte infusion, and none had experienced graft-versus-host disease. Two of the 17 patients developed graft-versus-host disease after their first Treg-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion and experienced a long-term remission of their malignancy. Four of the 15 patients who did not respond after a first Treg-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion received a second Treg-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion combined with lymphodepleting chemotherapy aimed to also eliminate recipient Tregs. All four developed acute-like graft-versus-host disease that was associated with a partial or complete and durable remission. In the whole cohort, graft-versus-host disease induction through Treg depletion was associated with improved survival. These results suggest that Treg-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion is a safe, feasible approach that induces graft-versus-host or graft-versus-tumor effects in alloreactivity-resistant patients. In patients not responding to this approach, the combination of chemotherapy-induced lymphodepletion of the recipient synergizes with the effect of Treg-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion. These findings offer a rational therapeutic approach for cancer cellular immunotherapy.
