加拿大蒙特利爾大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系格拉爾多·菲爾貝伊爾博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn),,癌細(xì)胞雖然可以通過自身復(fù)制一分為二,,但是一種被稱為PML的分子可以限制癌細(xì)胞增殖的次數(shù),。參與研究工作的科學(xué)家表示,該項發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性在于了解并掌握了正常生物體與癌癥威脅進行斗爭的機理,。相關(guān)研究論文發(fā)表在今年最新一期的Genes & Development雜志上,。
加科學(xué)家的這項研究證明,惡性腫瘤難以對付PML分子,,這意味著如果沒有PML分子存在,,惡性腫瘤就可以持續(xù)生長并最終擴散到其他器官。而更重要的是,,PML分子的存在可以容易地被探測到,,有可能被用于診斷腫瘤是否為惡性。
菲爾貝伊爾博士介紹說,,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)良性腫瘤細(xì)胞會產(chǎn)生PML分子,,并表達大量PML小體,,從而使自己處于睡眠和衰老狀態(tài),不會擴散或生長到人體其他部位,;而惡性癌細(xì)胞既不產(chǎn)生也不維系PML小體,,因此會發(fā)生不可控制的增殖擴散。
研究人員表示,,該項發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了PML分子的潛在抗癌能力,PML可以將腫瘤抑制蛋白組構(gòu)成一個“網(wǎng)絡(luò)”,,來抑制癌細(xì)胞的表達,,或抑制癌細(xì)胞增殖所需的其他蛋白質(zhì)的數(shù)量。這些蛋白質(zhì)在我們體內(nèi)是最基本的分子,,發(fā)揮著控制細(xì)胞誕生,、生長,、死亡的作用,。
衰老是細(xì)胞生命成熟的階段,在此階段,,細(xì)胞不再進行復(fù)制,,這是對癌癥形成的一種自然防御。10年前,菲爾貝伊爾博士就提出來PML分子可以迫使細(xì)胞進入衰老狀態(tài)的理論,,但是一直都無法找到其作用機理,。經(jīng)過與蒙特利爾大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)研究中心的合作,借助醫(yī)院的研究人員收集的患者樣本,,促成了研究小組獲得此項成果,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處:
Genes & Development, 2011; 25 (1): 41 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1975111
Regulation of E2Fs and senescence by PML nuclear bodies
Mathieu Vernier1,3, Véronique Bourdeau1,3, Marie-France Gaumont-Leclerc1, Olga Moiseeva1, Virginie Bégin1, Fred Saad2, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson2 and Gerardo Ferbeyre1,4
1Biochemistry Department, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C3J7, Canada;
2Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H1L4M1, Canada
3 These authors contributed equally to this work.
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PML (promyelocytic leukemia protein) regulates cellular senescence and terminal differentiation, two processes that implicate a permanent exit from the cell cycle. Here, we show that the mechanism by which PML induces a permanent cell cycle exit and activates p53 and senescence involves a recruitment of E2F transcription factors bound to their promoters and the retinoblastoma (Rb) proteins to PML nuclear bodies enriched in heterochromatin proteins and protein phosphatase 1α. Blocking the functions of the Rb protein family or adding back E2Fs to PML-expressing cells can rescue their defects in E2F-dependent gene expression and cell proliferation, inhibiting the senescent phenotype. In benign prostatic hyperplasia, a neoplastic disease that displays features of senescence, PML was found to be up-regulated and forming nuclear bodies. In contrast, PML bodies were rarely visualized in prostate cancers. The newly defined PML/Rb/E2F pathway may help to distinguish benign tumors from cancers, and suggest E2F target genes as potential targets to induce senescence in human tumors.