近日華東師范大學生命科學學院的研究人員在國際刊物《化學會評論》 （影響因子20.1, Chemical Society Reviews, 2011, 40, 2673-2703）上發(fā)表了題為“Design of Biocompatible Dendrimers for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy: Current Status and Future Perspectives”（設計生物相容性樹枝形分子用于癌癥診斷及治療：現(xiàn)狀與前景）的綜述性論文,。
華東師范大學生命科學學院程義云教授為該論文的第一作者及通訊作者，該課題獲得了華東師范大學“英才計劃”啟動經(jīng)費的資助,。
在過去的幾十年里,，納米醫(yī)藥為改善疾病治療及診斷，革新傳統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)生保健及醫(yī)學技術帶來了新希望,?；跇渲π畏肿拥闹委煵呗匀找娉蔀榧{米醫(yī)藥與生物材料領域的研究熱點，特別是在癌癥的診斷和治療領域,。將抗癌藥物包裝至或偶聯(lián)到樹枝形分子上轉導至腫瘤中可提高納米顆粒的滲透性和延長代謝時間,。將顯像劑例如MRI造影劑、放射性核素標簽,、計算機X線斷層攝影術造影劑,、熒光染料與多功能納米醫(yī)學相結合可同時實現(xiàn)癌癥診斷及靶向性治療。然而直到現(xiàn)在人們對于以樹枝形分子為基礎的治療是否和其他納米醫(yī)學一樣具有長期的存活力及生物相容性并不了解,。
在這篇綜述中作者針對用于癌癥診斷和治療的生物相容性樹枝形分子的設計策略進行了綜述,。針對樹枝形分子的生物相容性特性例如納米毒性作用、長期循環(huán)及降解進行了討論,。并提出通過聚乙二醇化修飾（PEGylation）,、乙?；饔?、糖基化作用及氨基酸功能化等方法構建包含生物相容性成分的新型樹枝形分子，表面修飾商業(yè)購買的樹枝形分子作為解決以樹枝形分子為基礎的納米治療安全問題的策略,。此外,，作者還對癌癥診斷和治療中基于樹枝形分子的納米治療的發(fā)展及挑戰(zhàn)進行了綜述。
程義云教授一直致力于樹枝形分子的藥物輸送系統(tǒng)的設計及優(yōu)化,，在提高這類大分子材料的生物相容性方面,，取得了一系列的研究成果。繼2010年加入華東師范大學以來先后在美國化學會的權威刊物Journal of the American Chemical Society 和Journal of Physical Chemistry B發(fā)表該領域相關研究論文7篇,。此次程義云教授在《化學會評論》發(fā)表的論文是對該課題組前期工作以及國際相關研究成果的總結,，并提出了多個能夠有效提高樹枝形分子生物相容性的策略,，具有重要的科學意義。
據(jù)了解,，目前該課題組正在以樹枝形分子為核心制備一系列用于癌癥診斷和治療的納米藥物,，并希望最終將這些納米藥物應用于臨床治療，提高傳統(tǒng)抗癌藥的療效以及診斷靈敏度,，降低毒副作用,，使得癌癥病人能夠真正從納米材料和納米技術中獲益。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Chemical Society Reviews DOI: 10.1039/C0CS00097C
Design of biocompatible dendrimers for cancer diagnosis and therapy: current status and future perspectives
Yiyun Cheng, Libo Zhao, Yiwen Li and Tongwen Xu
In the past decade, nanomedicine with its promise of improved therapy and diagnostics has revolutionized conventional health care and medical technology. Dendrimers and dendrimer-based therapeutics are outstanding candidates in this exciting field as more and more biological systems have benefited from these starburst molecules. Anticancer agents can be either encapsulated in or conjugated to dendrimer and be delivered to the tumour via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of the nanoparticle and/or with the help of a targeting moiety such as antibody, peptides, vitamins, and hormones. Imaging agents including MRI contrast agents, radionuclide probes, computed tomography contrast agents, and fluorescent dyes are combined with the multifunctional nanomedicine for targeted therapy with simultaneous cancer diagnosis. However, an important question reported with dendrimer-based therapeutics as well as other nanomedicines to date is the long-term viability and biocompatibility of the nanotherapeutics. This critical review focuses on the design of biocompatible dendrimers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The biocompatibility aspects of dendrimers such as nanotoxicity, long-term circulation, and degradation are discussed. The construction of novel dendrimers with biocompatible components, and the surface modification of commercially available dendrimers by PEGylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and amino acid functionalization have been proposed as available strategies to solve the safety problem of dendrimer-based nanotherapeutics. Also, exciting opportunities and challenges on the development of dendrimer-based nanoplatforms for targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy are reviewed (404 references).
