美國(guó)一項(xiàng)最新研究成果顯示，吸煙易導(dǎo)致前列腺癌復(fù)發(fā),，而且吸煙的前列腺癌患者死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也較高,。
這項(xiàng)研究是由美國(guó)哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的研究人員完成的,。他們指出,，與從不吸煙者相比，吸煙者前列腺癌復(fù)發(fā)幾率要高61%,，而且他們死于前列腺癌的幾率也比從不吸煙者高61%,。
此外，對(duì)那些戒煙10年以上之后才罹患前列腺癌的病人來(lái)說(shuō),，他們死于前列腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并沒(méi)有因曾經(jīng)的吸煙史而升高,。
這項(xiàng)研究涉及5366名前列腺癌患者。這些患者均是在1986年至2006年期間被診斷出病情的,。研究期間,，這些人中出現(xiàn)878個(gè)復(fù)發(fā)病例，另有1630個(gè)死亡病例,。
研究人員在《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)雜志》上發(fā)表論文說(shuō),，吸煙不僅與前列腺癌的復(fù)發(fā)率和死亡率有一定關(guān)系，而且還會(huì)提高前列腺癌患者死于其他疾病的幾率,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
The Journal of American Medical Association DOI:10.1001/jama.2011.879
Smoking and Prostate Cancer Survival and Recurrence
Stacey A. Kenfield, ScD; Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH; June M. Chan, ScD; Edward Giovannucci, MD, ScD
Context Studies of smoking in relation to prostate cancer mortality or recurrence in prostate cancer patients are limited, with few prostate cancer–specific outcomes.
Objective To assess the relation of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation with overall, prostate cancer–specific, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and biochemical recurrence among men with prostate cancer.
Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective observational study of 5366 men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1986 and 2006 in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.
Main Outcome Measures Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall, prostate cancer–specific, and CVD mortality, and biochemical recurrence, defined by an increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.
Results There were 1630 deaths, 524 (32%) due to prostate cancer and 416 (26%) to CVD, and 878 biochemical recurrences. Absolute crude rates for prostate cancer–specific death for never vs current smokers were 9.6 vs 15.3 per 1000 person-years; for all-cause mortality, the corresponding rates were 27.3 and 53.0 per 1000 person-years. In multivariable analysis, current vs never smokers had an increased risk of prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-2.32), as did current smokers with clinical stage T1 through T3 (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.04-3.12). Current smokers also had increased risk of biochemical recurrence (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.16-2.22), total mortality (HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.87-2.80), and CVD mortality (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.39-3.26). After adjusting for clinical stage and grade (likely intermediates of the relation of smoking with prostate cancer recurrence and survival), current smokers had increased risk of prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.94-2.03), as did current smokers with clinical stage T1 through T3 (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.80-2.49); they also had an increased risk of biochemical recurrence (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.06-2.04). Greater number of pack-years was associated with significantly increased risk of prostate cancer mortality but not biochemical recurrence. Current smokers of 40 or more pack-years vs never smokers had increased prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.20) and biochemical recurrence (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.88-2.48). Compared with current smokers, those who had quit smoking for 10 or more years (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42-0.87) or who have quit for less than 10 years but smoked less than 20 pack-years (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.28-1.45) had prostate cancer mortality risks similar to never smokers (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.88).
Conclusions Smoking at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis is associated with increased overall and CVD mortality and prostate cancer–specific mortality and recurrence. Men who have quit for at least 10 years have prostate cancer–specific mortality risks similar to those who have never smoked.
