研究人員發(fā)明了一種選擇性殺死癌細(xì)胞的新方法——光免疫治療法,，新成果發(fā)表在11月在線出版的《自然—醫(yī)學(xué)》期刊上,。
盡管手術(shù),、放射性治療和化學(xué)治療是今天癌癥治療的主要方法，但研究人員們逐步成功開發(fā)出針對特定分子的更精確目標(biāo)治療法,。Hisataka Kobayashi和同事將光免疫治療法作為一種新工具添加到癌癥治療的方法中,。這種方法將抗腫瘤抗體與一種對近紅外光有反應(yīng)的分子耦合。他們發(fā)現(xiàn),，當(dāng)用近紅外光照射小鼠腫瘤時,，癌細(xì)胞選擇性地死亡了。
盡管在此之前科學(xué)家們也研制過其他基于光的治療方法,，但Kobayashi和同事發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種重要的不同之處：除非與目標(biāo)細(xì)胞結(jié)合在一起,，改性抗體沒有毒性。這種性能是新技術(shù)應(yīng)用于臨床的關(guān)鍵所在,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nm.2554
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Cancer cell–selective in vivo near infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting specific membrane molecules
Makoto Mitsunaga, Mikako Ogawa, Nobuyuki Kosaka, Lauren T Rosenblum, Peter L Choyke & Hisataka Kobayashi
Three major modes of cancer therapy (surgery, radiation and chemotherapy) are the mainstay of modern oncologic therapy. To minimize the side effects of these therapies, molecular-targeted cancer therapies, including armed antibody therapy, have been developed with limited success. In this study, we have developed a new type of molecular-targeted cancer therapy, photoimmunotherapy (PIT), that uses a target-specific photosensitizer based on a near-infrared (NIR) phthalocyanine dye, IR700, conjugated to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting epidermal growth factor receptors. Cell death was induced immediately after irradiating mAb-IR700–bound target cells with NIR light. We observed in vivo tumor shrinkage after irradiation with NIR light in target cells expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor. The mAb-IR700 conjugates were most effective when bound to the cell membrane and produced no phototoxicity when not bound, suggesting a different mechanism for PIT as compared to conventional photodynamic therapies. Target-selective PIT enables treatment of cancer based on mAb binding to the cell membrane.
