俄亥俄州立大學的研究人員已經發(fā)現一種遺傳癌癥綜合征,它使特定人群易患眼黑素瘤,,隨同肺癌,、腦癌和其他癌癥可能的其他類型癌癥。
研究人員指出,,遺傳性癌癥綜合征由稱為BAP1的基因的遺傳突變所引起,。研究結果表明,BAP 1突變在一小部分患遺傳性葡萄膜黑色素瘤(uveal melanoma)和其他癌癥的病人中引起疾病,。
葡萄膜黑色素瘤是一種眼睛癌癥,,它涉及虹膜、睫狀體或脈絡膜,,這些統(tǒng)稱為葡萄膜,。這些腫瘤發(fā)生在色素細胞,色素細胞也稱為黑素細胞,,存在于葡萄膜內給眼睛賦以顏色,。這是成年人中最常見的眼腫瘤。
研究結果發(fā)表在期刊Journal of Medical Genetics上,。
研究的第一作者Mohamed H. Abdel-Rahman博士是俄亥俄州立大學綜合性腫瘤中心--Arthur G. James腫瘤醫(yī)院和Richard J. Solove研究所--的研究人員,。"如果我們知道一個患者有這個特別的基因突變,,我們可以更加積極主動與增加癌癥篩查來設法檢測這些其他的潛在癌癥,就在它們開始生長時,。"
研究的領導者Frederick H. Davidorf博士,,是俄亥俄州立大學眼科學名譽教授,他解釋到,,BAP 1在調節(jié)細胞生長和增殖上似乎發(fā)揮重要作用,,此基因的喪失有助于導致癌癥。
"如果我們的研究結果被驗證,,這將是很好的監(jiān)督這些患者在他們最可治療時及早檢測這些癌癥",,Davidorf說,他在俄亥俄州與研究人員,、醫(yī)生Colleen Cebulla博士一起治療眼腫瘤患者,。
這項研究涉及53個具高風險遺傳性癌癥的無聯系的葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者,以及其中一個研究參考者的額外的家庭成員,。這項研究的53個病人中,,研究人員在三例病人中鑒定出BAP 1胚變異。
"我們還不確切知道這些病人易被誘發(fā)的完全模式,,還需要更多的研究",,Abdel-Rahman說,他是俄亥俄州立大學醫(yī)學院人類遺傳學分部和眼科學的副教授,。
"到目前為止,,我們已經鑒定了大約六個患遺傳性癌癥綜合征的家庭。我們與全國兒童醫(yī)院的研究人員一起正在為開發(fā)篩查BAP 1基因突變臨床檢測而工作",,他說,,"患這一癌綜合征的家庭應進行遺傳突變篩查,這些遺傳突變增加他們發(fā)生一些其他癌癥的風險,。
參與這項研究的其他的俄亥俄州研究人員有:Robert Pilarski,,James B. Massengill,Benjamin N. Christopher ,,Getachew Boru,,及美國科羅拉多州丹佛視網膜協(xié)會的Peter Hovland。
研究的經費來自Patti Blow研究基金會眼科學資助,,美國癌癥協(xié)會也支持了這項研究,。(生物谷bioon.com)
doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100156
PMC:
PMID:
Germline BAP1 mutation predisposes to uveal melanoma, lung adenocarcinoma, meningioma, and other cancers
M. H. Abdel-Rahman, R. Pilarski, C. M. Cebulla, J. B. Massengill, B. N. Christopher, G. Boru, P. Hovland, F. H. Davidorf
ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the potential contribution of germline sequence alterations in the BAP1 gene in uveal melanoma (UM) patients with possible predisposition to hereditary cancer. Design A total of 53 unrelated UM patients with high risk for hereditary cancer and five additional family members of one proband were studied. Mutational screening was carried out by direct sequencing. Results Of the 53 UM patients studied, a single patient was identified with a germline BAP1 truncating mutation, c. 799 C/T (p.Q267X), which segregated in several family members and was associated with UM and other cancers. Biallelic inactivation of BAP1 and decreased BAP1 expression were identified in the UM, lung adenocarcinoma and meningioma tumours from three family members with this germline BAP1 mutation. Germline BAP1 variants of uncertain significance, likely non-pathogenic, were also identified in two additional UM patients. Conclusion This study reports a novel hereditary cancer syndrome caused by a germline BAP1 mutation that predisposes patients to UM, lung carcinoma, meningioma, and possibly other cancers. The results indicate that BAP1 is the candidate gene in only a small subset of hereditary UM, suggesting the contribution of other candidate genes.