基于PDB文件1x69構建的皮層肌動蛋白(cortactin)結構圖,圖片來自維基共享資源,。
頭頸部鱗狀細胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, HNSCC)是全世界第5種臨床上常見的癌癥,,平均發(fā)病率約為10~15/10萬,。還有研究表明頭頸部鱗狀細胞癌患者容易出現(xiàn)第二種原發(fā)惡性腫瘤。在過去幾十多年中,,手術摘除,、放療、化療技術都得到了很大提高,,但是頭頸部鱗狀細胞癌,,特別是晚期腫瘤,患者的五年生存率并沒有明顯提高,。因此,,如何選擇合適的治療方法、制定最佳治療方案以減少或避免腫瘤復發(fā)和/或轉移一直是研究人員的研究重點,,但是腫瘤抗放射療法和/或化學療法一直是一個重大的臨床問題,。
來自德國德累斯頓工業(yè)大學(Dresden University of Technology) 的研究員Nils Cordes領導的一個研究小組如今鑒定出一種增強人HNSCC癌癥對放射療法的敏感性從而減慢接受異種移植的小鼠體內(nèi)這種癌癥生長的方法。相關研究結果于2012年3月1日發(fā)表在Journal of Clinical Investigation期刊上,。
在這些研究中,,Cordes和同事們確定β1-整合素(β1-integrin)/FAK/皮層肌動蛋白(cortactin)信號傳導途徑在HNSCC癌癥抗放射治療中發(fā)揮著關鍵性作用。抑制β1-整合素使得HNSCC細胞對放射治療敏感化并減慢接受異種移植的小鼠體內(nèi)腫瘤生長,。因此,,Cordes和同事們建議靶向β1-整合素可能可以與放射療法和放射化學療法結合在一起使用從而增加患有HNSCC癌癥的病人的存活時間。(生物谷:towersimper編譯)
doi:10.1172/JCI61350
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β1 Integrin/FAK/cortactin signaling is essential for human head and neck cancer resistance to radiotherapy
Iris Eke, Yvonne Deuse, Stephanie Hehlgans, Kristin Gurtner, Mechthild Krause, Michael Baumann, Anna Shevchenko, Veit Sandfort and Nils Cordes
Integrin signaling critically contributes to the progression, growth, and therapy resistance of malignant tumors. Here, we show that targeting of β1 integrins with inhibitory antibodies enhances the sensitivity to ionizing radiation and delays the growth of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in 3D cell culture and in xenografted mice. Mechanistically, dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) upon inhibition of β1 integrin resulted in dissociation of a FAK/cortactin protein complex. This, in turn, downregulated JNK signaling and induced cell rounding, leading to radiosensitization. Thus, these findings suggest that robust and selective pharmacological targeting of β1 integrins may provide therapeutic benefit to overcome tumor cell resistance to radiotherapy.