數(shù)年來,科學(xué)家一直在尋找開發(fā)基于癌胚抗原(CEA)存在情況下的血液檢測(cè)癌癥的方法,CEA是一種癌癥識(shí)別的蛋白質(zhì)標(biāo)記物,這種標(biāo)記物在正常人的體內(nèi)也存在,而且其濃度因人和人之間的遺傳背景,、生活方式而異,而且,,目前我們并不能在健康人群和癌癥患者之間建立一種精確的檢測(cè)途徑,。
“我們?cè)噲D通過尋找建立針對(duì)每一個(gè)人的分子肖像以及通過測(cè)定血液中多種蛋白的濃度并且識(shí)別標(biāo)記的分子來克服當(dāng)前每個(gè)不同的人之間的差異性,研究者David Juncker表示,因此,,我們基于以上方法,,組合出了一種特異性的資政指紋的方法,但是,,目前并沒有可靠的標(biāo)記物組,,也沒有相應(yīng)的可用實(shí)驗(yàn),我們的目標(biāo)是解決此問題,,近日,,研究者的最新研究成果刊登于國(guó)際著名雜志Molecular & Cellular Proteomics上。
研究者M(jìn)ateu Pla-Roca通過分析當(dāng)前存在的測(cè)定血液中多種蛋白質(zhì)的技術(shù),,發(fā)明出了一種模型用來描述其弱點(diǎn)和局限性,。尤其是研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)了為什么蛋白質(zhì)靶標(biāo)的數(shù)量可以被測(cè)出,同時(shí)也可以被限制,,而且這些實(shí)驗(yàn)的精確度和重復(fù)性對(duì)于改進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)具有大的挑戰(zhàn)性,。研究小組發(fā)明出了一種基于微流體的微陣列技術(shù)可以改進(jìn)以上技術(shù)的限制,運(yùn)用這種新方法,,對(duì)于測(cè)定血液中許多蛋白質(zhì)標(biāo)記物來說變得可能,,而且可以最大程度減小錯(cuò)誤結(jié)果出現(xiàn)的可能性。
研究小組分別測(cè)定了11個(gè)健康人(對(duì)照)以及17個(gè)有乳腺癌患者的血液中32種蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)分布特征,,研究者最終發(fā)現(xiàn)這32種蛋白質(zhì)可以6個(gè)分為一組來建立癌癥的指紋標(biāo)記圖譜,,并且可以對(duì)每一個(gè)病人進(jìn)行分類,而且可以識(shí)別出健康人群中是否有人患乳腺癌,。研究者Juncker表示,,這種新型的檢測(cè)方法在應(yīng)用于臨床診斷前必須用附加的標(biāo)記物以及更多的病人和癌癥亞類來重復(fù)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),不過目前看來,,這種技術(shù)還是有非常大的潛力的,。
從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度來看,研究者的目標(biāo)是發(fā)明出一種簡(jiǎn)單普通的檢測(cè)技術(shù),,以便醫(yī)生在辦公室就可以通過一滴血檢測(cè)出疾病,,這種新型的檢測(cè)技術(shù)可以最大程度的降低早期胸部腫瘤X射線透視法檢查的依賴性以及降低暴露于X射線中所引起的不適,研究者Juncker的實(shí)驗(yàn)小組當(dāng)前正在發(fā)明這種檢測(cè)方法的便攜式檢測(cè)設(shè)備,,以便更加方便,、快速、精確的在早期階段檢測(cè)出乳腺癌以及其它疾病,。
(生物谷:T.Shen編譯)
doi:10.1074/mcp.M111.011460
PMC:
PMID:
Antibody Colocalization Microarray: A Scalable Technology for Multiplex Protein Analysis in Complex Samples*
M. Pla-Roca‡§, R. F. Leulmi‡§, S. Tourekhanova‡§, S. Bergeron‡§, V. Laforte‡§¶, E. Moreau‡§, S. J. C. Gosline‖,**, N. Bertos‖‡‡, M. Hallett‖,**, M. Park‖‡‡§§¶¶ and D. Juncker‡§¶‖‖
DNA microarrays were rapidly scaled up from 256 to 6.5 million targets, and although antibody microarrays were proposed earlier, sensitive multiplex sandwich assays have only been scaled up to a few tens of targets. Cross-reactivity, arising because detection antibodies are mixed, is a known weakness of multiplex sandwich assays that is mitigated by lengthy optimization. Here, we introduce (1) vulnerability as a metric for assays. The vulnerability of multiplex sandwich assays to cross-reactivity increases quadratically with the number of targets, and together with experimental results, substantiates that scaling up of multiplex sandwich assays is unfeasible. We propose (2) a novel concept for multiplexing without mixing named antibody colocalization microarray (ACM). In ACMs, both capture and detection antibodies are physically colocalized by spotting to the same two-dimensional coordinate. Following spotting of the capture antibodies, the chip is removed from the arrayer, incubated with the sample, placed back onto the arrayer and then spotted with the detection antibodies. ACMs with up to 50 targets were produced, along with a binding curve for each protein. The ACM was validated by comparing it to ELISA and to a small-scale, conventional multiplex sandwich assay (MSA). Using ACMs, proteins in the serum of breast cancer patients and healthy controls were quantified, and six candidate biomarkers identified. Our results indicate that ACMs are sensitive, robust, and scalable.